播州杨氏土司墓群揭秘的播州史事--兼谈杨氏墓葬体现的“华裔杂糅”的文化交汇融合

The Revealing of the Yang Family Tusi Tombs in Bozhou--On the Cultural Intersection and Fusion of the“Mixed Ethnic Chinese”Embodied in Yang’s Tomb

贵州遵义海龙屯遗址,它和湖南、湖北的另两座土司城遗址一起,2015年被列入了“中国土司遗址”世界文化遗产。在我国古代西南民族地区中,播州杨氏是最强大的土司势力之一,从唐至明统治播州地区700多年,除海龙屯之外在贵州大地上还留下了众多与之相关的遗存,其中最重要的当数杨氏家族墓群。在考古工作者持续不断的探究下,从20世纪80年代至今已清理发掘并确认了杨氏自唐末杨端至明末杨应龙29世土官或土司中15人的墓葬。文章通过最具代表性的杨粲墓、杨价墓、杨辉墓等出土的器物、壁画、碑刻、石刻等,揭示杨氏墓葬体现的“华裔杂糅”的文化交汇融合,并结合文献阐释文物背后的史实。

The Hailongtun Site in Zunyi,Guizhou,along with two other Tusi sites in Hunan and Hubei,was listed as a world cultural heritage in 2015.In ancient southwestern ethnic areas of China,the Yang in Bozhou was one of the most powerful chieftains,ruling the region fromTang to Ming for over 700 years.In addition to Hailongtun,there are many related relics left on the land of Guizhou,among which the most important is the Yang Family tombs.Under continuous exploration by archaeologists fromthe 1980s to the present,the tombs of 15 officials or chieftains of the Yang Family fromYangduan in the late Tang Dynasty to Yang Yinglong in the lateMing Dynasty have been confirmed.The article reveals the cultural integration of“mixed Chinese ethnicity”reflected in Yang Family tombs through the most representative artifacts,murals,inscriptions,stone carvings found in Yang Can’s,Yang Jia’s and Yang Hui’s tombs.