我国省级碳排放测算方法及对策研究

Research on Calculation Methods for China’s Provincial Carbon Emissions and Countermeasures

我国是全球最大的能源消耗国和碳排放国之一,如果要实现“双碳”目标,就需要先从测算碳排放量入手。从要素投入视角考察化石能源燃烧所产生的碳元素当量排放的碳排放,数据集根据IPCC(联合国政府气候变化专家小组的简称)基于行政边界的核算范围来估计,能够测算出我国省级碳排放量并分析其特征。完善我国省级排放测算方法,需采取建立多尺度碳排放核算体系,适时建立家庭消费视角的碳排放清单,逐步完善核算技术细节,优化低碳要素的存量和增量,加强后进地区低碳政策支持,健全低碳能源技术创新体系,建立低碳发展区域联动体系,完善碳交易的市场体系建设等对策与措施。

Our country is one of the largest energy consumers and carbon emitters in the world.In order to realize the“double carbon”goal,it is necessary to start from the calculation of carbon emission.This paper studies the carbon equivalent emission from fossil energy combustion from the perspective of factor input.The carbon emission data set is estimated according to the accounting range of IPCC(abbreviation of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change)based on administrative boundaries.This paper calculates China’s provincial carbon emissions and analyzes their characteristics.Finally,it is proposed to establish a multi-scale carbon emission accounting system and timely establish carbon emission inventory from the perspective of household consumption,perfect the accounting technical details,optimizing the stock and increment of low-carbon factors,strengthen low-carbon policy support in underdeveloped areas,establishing the low-carbon energy technology innovation system,creating a low-carbon development regional linkage system,and improve the construction of carbon trading market system and other countermeasures.