雪茄优势菌株接种发酵对其烟叶品质的影响

Effects of Inoculation and Fermentation of Cigar Dominant Strains on Quality of Cigar Leaves

【目的】探明利用人工接菌发酵雪茄烟叶优势,为改善雪茄烟叶品质提供基础。【方法】利用从不同国家的成品雪茄烟支中分离筛选的DV1(大卫杜夫2000)、FZ1[富恩特OPUS X(父与子)二十周年纪念版]、FZ2[富恩特OPUS X(父与子)二十周年纪念版]、FZY8[富恩特OPUS X(父与子)二十周年纪念版]、MT1(蒙特2号鱼雷)、MTT4(蒙特2号鱼雷)、ZLX10(罗密欧朱丽叶短身丘吉尔)、GL2(高希霸罗伯图)8株优势菌株发酵雪茄烟叶,比较分析优势菌株对雪茄烟叶品质的影响。【结果】FZ1、ZLX10和GL2接种发酵后显著增加雪茄烟叶中总糖、还原糖和总酚含量,显著降低植物碱、苹果酸、丙二酸、丁二酸、硬脂酸和油酸的含量,也增加草酸和亚油酸的含量,但对总氮、钾和氯化物含量无明显影响,经鉴定FZ1、ZLX10和GL2均为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)。【结论】接种FZ1、ZLX10和GL2发酵雪茄烟,可明显提高其吃味、烟气等品质。

【Objective】The advantages of artificial inoculating strains to ferment cigar tobacco were explored to provide the basis for improving the quality of cigar tobacco leaves.【Method】Eight dominant strains isolated from finished cigars in different countries,including DV1(Davidoff Tubos 2000),FZ1[The Fuente OPUS X(Father&Son)20th Anniversary Edition],FZ2[The Fuente OPUS X(Father&Son)20th Anniversary Edition],FZY8[The Fuente OPUS X(Father&Son)20th Anniversary Edition],MT1(Montecristo No.2),MTT4(Montecristo No.2),ZLX10(Romeo y Julieta Short Churchills)and GL2(Cohiba Robustos),were used to ferment cigar tobacco leaves,and then the effects of the dominant strains on the quality of cigar tobacco were analyzed.【Result】FZ1,ZLX10 and GL2 significantly increased the contents of total sugar,reducing sugar and total phenol of cigar tobacco leaves,significantly decreased the contents of alkaloids,malic acid,malonic acid,succinic acid,stearic acid and oleic acid,and increased the contents of oxalic acid and linoleic acid,but had no significant impact on the contents of total nitrogen,potassium and chloride.Furthermore,FZ1,ZLX10 and GL2 were identified as Bacillus.【Conclusion】Inoculation of FZ1,ZLX10 and GL2 for fermentation could obviously improve the taste and smoke quality of cigar.