双泵体多气缸旋转式压缩机低振动技术研究

Study on low vibration technology of multi-cylinder rotary compressor with dual pumps

针对单泵体旋转式压缩机存在气体力矩波动和曲轴动不平衡两大激振源的问题,提出了一种双泵体多气缸旋转式压缩机结构,从源激励端大幅降低了旋转式压缩机气体力矩波动和曲轴动不平衡幅度,在电机两端各安装一个多气缸泵体,电机转子连接双曲轴,以一台电机同时拖动两个泵体工作;各气缸转子转角按等差数列设计,转角相位差等于360°/Z(Z是总气缸数),以实现气体力矩波动幅度最小化;单曲轴各偏心部成180°对置,双曲轴成轴对称结构布置,以实现偏心部惯性力和惯性力矩自平衡;突破了双泵体双曲轴对中关键技术,试制了双泵体四气缸卧式压缩机样机,开展了样机振动测试。结果显示,样机在运行范围内运转平稳,验证了双泵体结构的可行性;样机主壳体和底座振动都小于相同排量单泵体机型的1/6,具有优异的低振动性能,验证了低振动理论和方法的有效性。

In view of presence of two excitation sources of gas torque fluctuation and crankshaft dynamic unbalance for the rotary compressor with single pump,an idea of multi-cylinder rotary compressor with twin pumps was proposed to realize great reduction of gas torque fluctuation and dynamic unbalance of crankshaft of the rotary compressor from the excitation source.The technical solution was to install a multi-cylinder pump at each terminal of the motor,and connect the rotor of the motor to two crankshafts of the twin pumps.In this way,one motor can drive two crankshafts of the twin pumps to work at the same time.The rotor angle of each cylinder was designed in an arithmetic progression,and the phase difference of the rotor angle was equal to 360°/Z,where Z is the number of cylinders,so that the amplitude of gas torque fluctuation could be minimized.The eccentric parts of the single crankshaft were arranged in phase difference of 180°and the twin crankshafts were axisymmetrically arranged,so that the inertial force and inertia moment of eccentric parts were self-balanced.The key technology of dual shafting alignment was broken through.A horizontal four-cylinder compressor prototype with twin pumps was manufactured,and vibration test of the prototype was carried out.The test results show that the prototype runs smoothly and works as expected within the operating rotational speed range,which verifies the structural feasibility of twin pumps.Moreover,both the casing and seat vibration of the prototype is less than 1/6 of that of the single-pump model with the same displacement,hence it has excellent low vibration performance,which verifies the effectiveness of low vibration theory and method.