张掖市“十三五”规划时期农村人居环境评价研究

Research on Evaluation of Rural Human Settlement Environment in Zhangye City during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period

基于乡村振兴战略背景,以张掖市作为研究对象,按照农村人居环境评价指标选取的基本原则,从生态环境、经济发展、基础设施和公共服务4个方面构建16个评价指标,采用熵值法对系统层及指标层16个指标进行综合赋权,测度2016—2020年张掖市农村人居环境发展水平。结果表明,张掖市农村人居环境发展水平呈“W”形发展趋势,先后经历降—升—降—升4个发展阶段,总体呈上升趋势;系统层中,公共服务和基础设施的权重占比最大,对张掖市农村人居环境发展水平影响程度较大;指标层中,对地膜的使用强度权重占比最高,是影响农村人居环境发展水平最为关键的指标。基于评价结果,提出突出农民主体地位、探索循环农业发展模式、构建多产业融合发展模式和健全农村生态环境整治长效机制的思考建议,对提升张掖市农村人居环境发展水平具有一定的参考意义。

Rural human settlement environment is an important part of the 13th Five-Year Plan and the National Beautiful Countryside Plan.Based on the background of rural revitalization strategy,taking Zhangye City as the research object,16 evaluation indicators from four aspects:ecological environment,economic development,infrastructure and public service according to the basic principles of rural human settlement environment evaluation index selection were constructed.By using the entropy method,16 indicators of system layer and index layer were comprehensively weighted to measure the development level of rural human settlement environment in Zhangye City from 2016 to 2020.The results are as follows.The development level of rural human settlements in Zhangye City presents a“W”shaped development trend,which has experienced four stages of descending-ascending-descending-ascending,with an overall upward trend.In Zhangye City,as an agricultural city,the intensity of use of mulch film is the most critical index affecting the development level of rural human settlements,and the recycling and utilization of mulch film has a high efficiency.The proportion of administrative villages that treat domestic sewage is relatively low,which indicates that Zhangye City has great defects in daily domestic sewage treatment,resulting in serious non-point source pollution of village environment.The weight of economic development indicators is relatively small,the main reason is that Zhangye City has a single rural economic income channel and has not formed a multi-industry integration development model.