高质量教育体系建构视角下城乡教师队伍质量比较研究

Comparative Study on Quality of Urban and Rural Teachers from Perspective of High-quality Education System Construction

明确城乡教师之间的质量差异,有针对性地补足农村师资短板是高质量推进城乡教育一体化发展的重要发力点。聚焦教师职业的专业性,对比城乡教师的专业知识、专业能力、职业情感是保证相关教师政策科学制定和有效实施的前置条件。基于对中部S省六地市城乡教师的抽样调查发现:城乡教师的专业知识关注点具有共性特征,城市教师的专业知识基础优于农村教师;城市教师的专业能力显著优于农村教师,主要表现在综合表达、组织教学、学生管理、学习创新、信息技术应用等方面;城市教师的职业归属感显著优于农村教师;城市和农村教师普遍存在较强的职业倦怠感,占比达六成以上,且这种倦怠感主要源自职业情感的衰竭。

Understanding differences between urban and rural teachers and tackling the weaknesses of rural teachers are the key to the integrated development of urban and rural education with high quality.Focusing on the professionalism of the teacher and comparing the professional knowledge,professional ability and professional emotion of urban and rural teachers are the prerequisite for ensuring the scientific formulation and effective implementation of relevant teacher policies.Based on the sample survey of urban and rural teachers in six cities in central S Province,it is found that the professional knowledge concerns of urban and rural teachers share common characteristics,and the professional knowledge of urban teachers is better than that of rural teachers;the professional ability of urban teachers is significantly better than that of rural teachers,mainly in the aspects of comprehensive expression,teaching organization,student management,learning innovation,information technology application,etc.;the sense of professional belonging of urban teachers is significantly better than that of rural teachers;but more than 60%urban and rural teachers generally have a strong sense of job burnout stemming from professional emotional exhaustion.