农村宅基地审批监管制度改革的实践分析与展望——基于湖南省4个试点县的调查

Practical Analysis and Prospect of the Reform of Rural Homestead Approval and Supervision System—Based on a Survey of Four Pilot Counties in Hunan Province

依法依规加强宅基地规范化管理是新一轮农村宅基地制度改革试点的任务之一,也是放活使用权的确权基础。各试点地区以落实乡(镇)政府属地管理责任为原则,探索出了“一门式”办理、“九步审批”、“多审合一”、全程监管和动态巡查、执法权下放到乡(镇)、信息管理系统监管等审批监管模式,但同时也存在主体权责不清、方式过程缺乏规范、数字技术支持不足的改革阻滞。最后,从主体权责、行动过程和数字治理3个方面,提出农村宅基地审批监管制度改革的优化路径,以规范建房引领宜居宜业和美乡村建设的实现。

Strengthening the standardized management of homestead according to the law and regulations is one of the tasks of the new round of rural homestead system reform pilot,and is also the basis for the confirmation of the right to use.Based on the principle of implementing the management responsibilities of township(town)governments,various pilot areas have explored approval and supervision models such as"one door"handling,"nine step approval","multiple reviews in one",whole-process supervision and dynamic inspection,delegation of law enforcement power to township(town),and information management system supervision.However,there are also reform obstacles such as unclear main body rights and responsibilities,lack of standardization of methods and processes,and insufficient digital technology support.Finally,from three aspects of subject rights and responsibilities,action process,and digital governance,this paper put forward an optimized path for the reform of the rural homestead approval and supervision system,in order to standardize housing construction and lead to the realization of livable,business-friendly,and beautiful rural construction.