农作物种质资源保护与利用分析——以河北涉县旱作石堰梯田系统核心村王金庄为例

Analysis of Conservation and Utilization of Crop Germplasm Resources--Based on Wangjinzhuang Village Located in the Core Area of Shexian Dry-land Stone Terraced System in Hebei

种子是农业的“芯片”,农作物种质资源是良种的基因来源,是端牢中国饭碗的物质基础。本研究以全球重要农业文化遗产涉县旱作石堰梯田系统核心村王金庄为例,综合运用访谈法、实地调查法、文献研究法等对其种质资源保护与利用进行调研。王金庄村创新了种质资源普查机制,因地制宜建立了种子银行,让“当家品种”走进新时代。同时,受资金、专技人员等约束,种质资源保护存在短板及问题。基于此,提出政策与财政并行、人员内培外引、深化院校合作等对策建议,以期为县域种质资源保护、利用以及涉县旱作石堰梯田系统种质资源可持续发展提供借鉴与参考。

Seed is the chip of agriculture,crop germplasm resources are the gene sources of superior seed varieties,and the material foundation of securing China's rice bowl.This research took Wangjinzhuang village as an example,which is located in the core area of Shexian Dry-land Stone Terraced System,the system is recognized as Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS),relying on interviews,field research,literature research,the conservation and utilization of crop germplasm resources was studied.Wangjinzhuang village innovates the method of general investigation,builds seed bank based on local conditions,making traditional varieties step in the new era.Meanwhile,there are shortcomings and problems in crop germplasm resources protection,restricted by the lack of money and technical personnel.Based on this,some policy suggestions were put forward from the parallel of policy and finance,cultivating and introducing talents,deepening the cooperation among colleges and universities,so as to provide reference for the conservation and utilization of crop germplasm resources in county areas,as well as the sustainable development of Shexian Dry-land Stone Terraced System.