改性聚磷酸铵阻燃交联聚烯烃弹性体的性能

Properties of Modified Ammonium Polyphosphate Flame Retardant Cross-Linked POE

为提高交联聚烯烃弹性体(POE)的阻燃性能,采用改性聚磷酸铵(MAPP)阻燃交联POE,改性后的MAPP能同时具备化学膨胀阻燃体系的酸源、炭源和气源三要素,实现添加单组分阻燃剂即可高效率阻燃交联POE的目的。研究分析了不同添加量的MAPP对阻燃交联POE阻燃性能、力学性能、热稳定性的影响,并讨论了相应的阻燃机理。测试结果表明,当MAPP添加质量分数为35%时,交联POE/MAPP材料的阻燃效果最佳,极限氧指数(LOI)为30.5%,垂直燃烧等级达到V-0级,此时与纯交联POE相比,拉伸强度下降到12.1 MPa,而断裂伸长率变化不大,减小到2214%。随着MAPP的加入,400~500℃高温区域的热稳性提高,材料的残炭率随MAPP的增加呈增加趋势,质量损失速率峰值较纯交联POE也有所下降,POE/MAPP材料表现出较好的热稳定性和成炭能力。阻燃机理分析表明,MAPP在受热后逐渐发生交联反应,形成了交联网络结构,形成致密的内部炭层,从而发挥了较好的阻燃作用。

To improve the flame retardant properties of cross-linked polyolefin elastomer(POE),Modified ammonium polyphosphate(MAPP)was used to flame retarded cross-linked POE.The MAPP as intumescent flame retardant gathers the acid source,carbon source and gas source aim at high efficiency flame retardant cross-linked POE.The MAPP was incorporated into POE to prepare POE/MAPP composite,and its flame retardant properties,mechnical property,thermal stability were investigated by different measurements,flame-retardant mechanism were also disscussed.The results show that when the MAPP content is 35 wt%,the flame retardant performance of cross-linked POE/MAPP material is optimal.The LOI is 30.5%,and vertical burning level reach V-0 rating.In comparison with pure cross-linked POE,the tensile strength decreases to 12.1 MPa,while the elongation at break remains relatively unchanged,decreasing only to 2214%.With the increasing addition of MAPP,the thermal stability improves in the high-temperature range of 400-500℃.The residual char content of the material increases with the increasing amount of MAPP,and the peak thermal mass loss rate decreases compared to pure cross-linked POE.The POE/MAPP material exhibits good thermal stability and char-forming ability.The flame retardant mechanism analysis reveals that MAPP gradually undergo cross-linking reactions when heated,forming a cross-linked network structure and a dense internal carbon layer,thereby exhibiting excellent flame retardant properties.