两栖车辆发展——水上推进技术的需求与应用

Development of Amphibious Vehicles-Requirements and Applications of Surface Vehicle Propulsion Technology

该文介绍了两栖车辆装备与技术的发展历程,在经过近几十年的技术更新与升级,已经实现由一代排水航行两栖车辆向三代水上高航速两栖车辆的跨越式发展。文章通过分析两栖车辆总体设计中滑行车体构型设计、水陆动力匹配设计、工况转换与控制,以及水上安全性等关键技术与发展趋势,指出新概念无人化两栖平台对未来两栖作战样式变化、非对称作战能力的提升有重要的意义,对高功率电驱式喷水推进器、电控式矢量推进等水上推进技术提出了更为紧迫的应用需求。

This article introduces the development process of amphibious vehicle equipment and technology,the first generation of displacement amphibious vehicles have been developing revolutionarily towards the third generation of high-speed amphibious vehicles after decades of technological updates and upgrades.It also analyzes the key technologies and development trends of the overall design of amphibious vehicles,such as the configuration design of the sliding vehicle,the hydrodynamic matching design,the conversion and control of the operation conditions,and the waterway safety.The new concept of unmanned amphibious platform is of great significance for the future changes of the combat styles and the improvement of the asymmetric combat capabilities.It also puts forward more urgent application requirements for the surface vehicle propulsion technologies such as the high-power electric-driven waterjets and electrically-controlled vectored thrusters.