新世纪文学与中国古典文学传统——以贾平凹、莫言为中心

New Century Literature and Chinese Classical Literature Tradition——A Case Study on Jia Pingwa and Mo Yan

新世纪文学是一种借助于时间上的变革获取其正当地位的文学阶段,新世纪文学发展于文化焦虑的中国语境之中,为摆脱“东方学”陷阱,这一时期的长篇小说文体开始有意向古典文学传统回溯,借鉴其写作手法,确立中国小说的独特意义。贾平凹和莫言在新世纪以来的小说创作中,借鉴了中国古典文学传统“史传传统”中的以传写史、现实主义和民间视角的手法,“诗骚传统”中的抒情和言志的手法以及“叙事传统”中的笔记体、章回体和文本杂糅等文体构建手法,在借鉴中有所创新,在新世纪文学向外“还贷”的过程中产生了重要意义。

The New Century Literature is a literary stage that obtains its proper position by means of the change of time.It develops in the Chinese context of cultural anxiety.In order to get rid of the trap of“Orientalism”,the novel style of this period begins to deliber⁃ately trace back to the classical literary tradition,learn from its writing techniques and establish the unique significance of Chinese no⁃vels.In the novel creation since the new century,Jia Pingwa and Mo Yan have borrowed the techniques of writing history by biography,realism and folk perspective in the Chinese classical literary tradition“historical biography tradition”,the techniques of expressing e⁃motion and ambition in the“poetic tradition”,and the stylistic construction techniques such as note-taking style,chapter-returning style and text mixture in the“narrative tradition”,which have made innovations in reference and produced important significance in the process of“repaying loans”in literature in the new century.