风力机叶片覆冰机理与防除冰技术研究进展

Research progress on icing mechanism and anti-icing technology of wind turbine blades

为了解决风力机叶片覆冰可能导致的叶片气动性能恶化、机组发电量损失和叶片断裂等问题,现已广泛开展了防除冰技术方面的研究.概述了风力机叶片覆冰机理、类型以及其影响因素,分析了基于运行参数与历史监测数据的风力机叶片覆冰故障诊断方法与技术.并从叶片气动特性、数学模型方法与智能数据挖掘3个方面归纳了近年来国内外风机覆冰故障预测技术及该领域的现存问题与研究热点.重点论述了风力机叶片的防除冰方法与技术及其各自的优缺点,探讨了现有的防除冰方法及应用现状、存在问题与发展趋势,并对未来高精确性与可靠性的覆冰故障诊断与预测技术、高效防除冰技术等方面的开发与利用中可能涉及的关键问题进行了总结,以期能够为湿冷地区风电场防除冰技术的发展提供借鉴和指导.

Extensive researches on anti-icing and de-icing technologies have been greatly developed in order to solve the aerodynamic performance deterioration,power generation loss and blade fracture,as well as other technical problems caused by wind turbine blade icing.The icing mechanism,types and influencing factors of wind turbine blades were summaried,for which the methods and techniques of wind turbine blade icing fault diagnosis were analyzed based on operating parameters and historical monitoring data.It also summarized domestic and foreign wind turbine icing failure prediction technologies in recent years as well as existing problems and research hot spots in this field from three aspects:blade aerodynamic characteristics,mathematical model methods and intelligent data mining.The anti-icing and de-icing methods and technologies of wind turbine blades and their respective advantages and disadvantages were focused on,the existing anti-icing and de-icing methods and application status and existing problems and development trends were discussed.The key issues that may be involved in the development and utilization of diagnosis and prediction technology,efficient anti-icing technology,etc.were summarized,with a view to providing reference and guidance for the development of anti-icing technology for wind farms in cold and humid areas.