印尼某褐铁型红土镍矿工艺矿物学及选矿工艺的研究

Research on Process Mineralogy and Beneficiation Technology of a Limonite-type Lateritic Nickel ore in Indonesia

高压浸出工艺处理红土镍矿的技术日渐成熟,显著提高了全球低品位红土镍矿的开发利用率。印度尼西亚作为镍资源最丰富的国家,褐铁型红土镍矿被广泛开采。对该类型红土镍矿开展详细工艺矿物学研究,进行系统化学分析、X衍射分析及光学显微镜分析等。分析表明,该红土镍矿中镍主要分布在-0.074 mm粒径,在铁矿物中的赋存占比达96.60%;铬主要分布在-0.55 mm粒径,在铬铁矿和尖晶石中的赋存占比为56.29%。在此基础上,采用“分级—螺旋溜槽—摇床—磁选”的工艺,能先选别富集铬铁矿,精矿中Cr的品位和铬铁比分别达到20.69%和2.55。同时原矿浆在絮凝剂60V用量90 g/t时高效絮凝浓缩,为后续浸出高压车间奠定基础。

The technology of high-pressure leaching process to treat laterite nickel ore is becoming more and more mature,which has significantly improved the development and utilization rate of low-grade laterite nickel ore in the world.As the country with the richest nickel resources,Indonesia has widely mined brown iron laterite nickel ore.Systematic chemical analysis,X-ray diffraction analysis and optical microscope analysis were carried out to characterize this type of lateritic nickel ore,and detailed process mineralogy research was carried out.The analysis result shows that nickel in the lateritic nickel ore is mainly distributed in the particle size of-0.074 mm,which accounts for 96.60%of the iron minerals;The proportion of occurrence in is 56.29%.On this basis,the process of“grading-spiral chute-shaking table-magnetic separation”can be used to separate and enrich chromite,and the Cr grade and chromium-iron ratio in the concentrate can reach 20.69%and 2.55,respectively.Meanwhile,the raw ore pulp is efficiently flocculated and concentrated when the flocculant dosage 60V is 90 g/t,laying the foundation for the subsequent high-pressure leaching workshop.