内蒙古自治区审定玉米品种主要性状演变趋势及灰色关联度分析

Evolution Trend and Grey Correlation Analysis of Main Characters of Maize Varieties Approved in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

本研究搜集整理内蒙古自治区2002—2021年审定的821个普通玉米品种信息,对其产量和主要性状进行综合分析。结果表明,2002—2021年玉米新审定品种产量、穗行数、容重和粗淀粉含量总体呈增长趋势;而穗粗、穗长、行粒数、百粒重、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和赖氨酸含量则呈下降趋势。相关性分析表明,株高对产量的直接正效应最大,达极显著水平;灰色关联度分析表明,株高是影响玉米产量最重要的性状。选育高产玉米杂交种时,在保证总体病虫抗性优良的前提下,应注重选择株高、穗位适宜的品种,并且要兼顾性状间的相互影响,综合考虑从而实现高产。

The information of 821 common maize varieties approved by Inner Mongolia from 2002 to 2021 was collected,and their yield and main characters were comprehensively analyzed.The results showed that from 2002 to 2021,the yield,number of rows per ear,bulk density,and crude starch content of newly approved maize varieties showed an overall increasing trend.However,the ear diameter,ear length,number of grains per row,100-grain weight,crude protein,crude fat,and lysine content showed a downward trend.Through correlation analysis,the direct positive effect of plant height on yield was the highest,reaching a highly significant level.Grey correlation analysis showed that plant height was the most important trait affecting maize yield.When selecting high-yield maize hybrid varieties,while ensuring overall excellent disease and insect resistance,attention should be paid to selecting varieties with suitable plant height and ear position,and the mutual influence between traits should be taken into account,in order to achieve high yield through comprehensive consideration.