基于元胞自动机的博物馆火灾应急疏散模拟研究

Simulation Study on Fire Energency Evacuation in Museum Based on Metacellular Automata Model

以博物馆为代表的文保单位建筑火灾受到环境复杂、不可控风险多等因素影响,是当前文物安全保护的难题之一。应急疏散管理是火灾应急救援的重要内容。本文结合某博物馆实际展厅电子地图,基于传统元胞自动机算法并引入环境适应性与从众心理两个变量,利用仿真研究,分析应急疏散中行走速度、环境熟悉度、从众心理之间的关系,为博物馆火灾应急疏散提供借鉴。

Museum is the representative of cultural preservation organization,and fire of museum is deeply influenced by various factors,including the complex environment,uncontrollable risks and nonrenewable cultural relics and other factors,which makes fire disaster as one of the current challenges of cultural safety protection.Emergency evacuation management is an important element of fire emergency rescue.This paper uses the traditional metacomputer algorithm and adds two variables,environmental adaptability and herd mentality,then analyzes the relationship between walking speed,environmental familiarity and herd mentality in emergency evacuation by simulation experiments with electronic map of a actual exhibition hall,and provides references for emergency evacuation in museum fires.