电网碳排放因子核算方法与研究进展

Accounting Methods and Research of Carbon Emission Factors in Power Grid

电网碳排放因子的准确核算是电力系统碳排放责任公平合理分配与准确计量的基础。本文分析目前国内使用的电网碳排放因子特征,阐明全国、区域、省级电网平均碳排放因子与电网基准线碳排放因子的含义与区别,并总结了存在的缺陷与不足。在此基础上,分别研究归纳了碳足迹电网平均排放因子和动态电网排放因子的计量分析方法与研究进展,围绕原理、优缺点、应用现状等方面进行了分析总结。从扩展统计数据获取渠道、创新排放因子核算方案、构建源-网-荷自动化平台3个方面进行了研究展望,为我国电网碳排放责任的准确公平分配提供参考。

The accurate calculation of grid carbon emission factor is the premise of fair and reasonable distribution and accurate measurement of power system carbon emission responsibility,and is the basis of deep decarbonization and the construction of carbon trading market.This paper analyzes the characteristics of power grid carbon emission factors currently used at home and abroad,clarifies the meaning and difference between the national,regional and provincial power grid average carbon emission factors and power grid base line carbon emission factors,and summarizes the existing defects and deficiencies.On this basis,the metrology analysis methods and research progress of carbon footprint power grid average emission factor and dynamic power grid emission factor are respectively studied and summarized,focusing on the principle,advantages and disadvantages,and application status.The research outlook is made from three aspects:expanding statistical data acquisition channels,innovating emission factor accounting schemes,and constructing source-network-load automation platform,which provides suggestions for the accurate and fair distribution of carbon emission responsibility in China’s power grid.