海洋动力环境下深海采矿水力输送管道的空间构型及其变化规律

Morphology of deep-sea mining hydraulic conveying pipeline and its influencing laws in marine dynamic environment

本文以矿浆泵水力提升系统的关键部件——水力提升管道为研究对象,建立了水力提升管道的几何非线性有限元模型,对水力提升管道在稳态下的静态特性进行了数值模拟。基于水力输送管道的静态特性,研究了软管的三维空间构型和海洋动力环境下管道内流场的流动特性。建立了基于欧拉模型的矿浆泵固-液两相流控制方程,并对软管中的固-液两相流进行了数值模拟。研究结果表明,集矿机位置变化对硬管的横向位移和弯曲应力影响较小,但对管道内流场的压力分布、固相速度分布和压力损失影响较大;洋流流速的变化对软管的空间构型和硬管的横向位移影响较小,但对管道内流场的压力损失影响较大;风浪等级对软管的空间构型和硬管的横向位移有较大影响,可以通过改变集矿机的位置来减少因洋流和风浪等级变化而引起的压力损失。

The hydraulic lifting pipeline,one of the key components of the slurry pump hydraulic lifting system,is taken as the research object in the paper.Based on the static characteristics of the hydraulic conveying pipeline,the spatial three-dimensional model of the hose is obtained.A geometric non-linear finite element model of the hydraulic lifting pipeline was established,and the static displacement of the hydraulic lifting pipeline under steady state was numerically simulated.The static characteristics of the pipeline were obtained,when the mining machine position,ocean current velocity and wave level were different.The numerical simulation of the response of the hydraulic lifting pipeline under dynamic excitation was performed,and the flow characteristics of the flow field in the pipeline under wave loading were obtained.A solid-liquid two-phase flow control equation for a slurry pump based on the Euler model is established,and the solid-liquid two-phase fluid in the hose is numerically simulated.The results show that the change of the position of the mining machine has little effect on the lateral displacement and bending stress of the hard tube,but has large impact on the pressure distribution,solid-phase velocity field distribution and pressure loss in the pipeline.The change of the ocean current has little effect on the spatial shape of the hose and the lateral displacement of the hard tube,but has great impact on the pressure loss in the pipeline.The wave level has great influence on the spatial shape of the hose and the lateral displacement of the hard tube.The pressure loss caused by changes in ocean current and wave level can be reduced by changing the position of the mining machine.