四川传统民间坐具类型及装饰特征探析

Analysis on the Categories and Decorative Characteristics of Traditional Folk Seats in Sichuan

为探究四川传统民间坐具的品类形制、装饰特色和文化内涵,保护与传承民间艺术,采用文献检索和实地调研的方式,以四川成都地区的传统民间坐具为主要研究对象,分析了其形成发展的背景、类型和装饰特征,认为四川传统民间坐具是当地生活方式和民间文化特色的代表。坐具类型上分为椅类、凳类和墩类,兼具实用性与美观性。装饰工艺包括了木雕、漆饰、镶嵌等主要的装饰方式;装饰图案包括了动物植物、人物器物、文字几何等丰富的纹样;此外,四川传统民间坐具所蕴含的文化内涵反映了四川崇文、祈福、务实的民风民俗和包容开放的文化心态。

In order to explore the types,decorative features and cultural connotations of traditional folk seats in Sichuan,and protect and inherit the folk arts,the traditional folk seats in Chengdu are taken as the main research object by means of literature retrieval and field research.Based on the background analysis of its formation and development,types and decorative features,it is believed that traditional folk seats in Sichuan represent the local lifestyle and folk cultural char‐acteristics.In terms of types,it can be divided into chair,stool and drum stool,which are all practical and aesthetic;Its decorative techniques include wood carving,lacquer decoration and inlay with the abundant decorative patterns in as‐pects of animal,plant,figure,artifact,text and geometry;In addition,the cultural connotations of traditional folk seats in Sichuan reflect the open and inclusive cultural mentality and the folk customs of advocating literature,praying for bless‐ings,and practicality in Sichuan.