2019~2022年东莞市院前急救创伤患者流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of pre-hospital emergency trauma patients in Dongguan City from 2019 to 2022

目的分析2019~2022年东莞市院前急救创伤患者的流行病学特征,为院前急救创伤制定科学的防控措施提供依据。方法收集2019~2022年东莞市急救中心120调度指挥系统数据库中符合纳入及排除标准的35903例急救创伤病例,针对不同创伤原因,分别从多角度对病例进行描述性流行病学分析。结果35903例创伤患者中,男性22673例(63.2%),女性13230例(36.8%),18~65岁人群占83.7%。按致伤原因分类,前5位的依次是其他原因、跌倒伤、坠落伤、暴力事件、交通事故伤。创伤患者受伤部位前3位依次为头部、其它、下肢。每年6~8月创伤患者较多,2月创伤患者较少。每天9、10、16、21时发生最多,凌晨4、5、6时发生最少。救护车到达现场时间中位数为12 min。创伤患者地区中,滨海湾片区创伤患者例数最多。结论东莞市院前急救创伤具有较明显的地区分布特征,对于急救资源合理配置以及制定有效的创伤防控措施具有一定的参考意义。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pre-hospital emergency trauma patients in Dongguan City from 2019 to 2022,and to provide a basis for the development of scientific prevention and control measures for prehospital emergency trauma.Methods A total of 35903 emergency trauma cases that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria from the 120 dispatch and command system database of Dongguan Emergency Center from 2019 to 2022 were enrolled in this study.Descriptive epidemiological analysis of the cases was conducted from multiple perspectives based on different causes of trauma.Results Among the 35903 trauma patients,there were 22673 males(63.2%)and 13230 females(36.8%),with 83.7%of the population aged between 18 and 65.The top 5 causes of injury were other causes,tumble injuries,falling injuries,violent incidents and traffic accidents.The top 3 injured area of trauma patients were the head,other parts and lower limbs.During the year,there were more trauma patients from June to August,and fewer patients in February.During the day,most of the trauma patients occurred at 9,10,16 and 21 o'clock,and the least occurred at 4,5 and 6 o'clock in the morning.The median time of ambulance arrival at the scene was 12 min.Regional distribution results showed that the Binhai Bay area had the highest number of trauma patients.Conclusion The pre-hospital emergency trauma in Dongguan City has obvious regional distribution characteristics,which has certain reference for the rational allocation of emergency resources and the development of effective trauma prevention and control measures.