母亲婚姻满意度与幼儿焦虑:母亲教养方式的中介作用

Maternal Marital Satisfaction and Children’s Anxiety:the Mediating Role of Maternal Parenting Style

为探讨母亲婚姻满意度与幼儿焦虑的关系并检验母亲教养方式在其中产生的作用,本研究使用婚姻满意度分量表、父母教养方式问卷和幼儿焦虑量表对643名幼儿及其母亲进行施测。结果发现:(1)幼儿焦虑各维度不存在性别差异,但在躯体伤害恐惧上存在显著年龄差异,具体为5~6岁组幼儿躯体伤害恐惧水平显著高于4岁及以下组幼儿,而与4~5岁组无显著差异;4~5岁组幼儿躯体伤害恐惧水平与4岁及以下组幼儿间无显著差异;(2)婚姻满意度与溺爱型、放任型、专制型、不一致型教养方式及幼儿焦虑各维度均呈显著负相关,而与民主型教养方式呈显著正相关;(3)教养方式在母亲婚姻满意度与幼儿焦虑的关系中起部分中介作用;(4)教养方式在母亲婚姻满意度与强迫-冲动障碍的关系中起完全中介作用,教养方式在母亲婚姻满意度与社交恐惧、母亲婚姻满意度与分离焦虑、母亲婚姻满意度与躯体伤害恐惧、母亲婚姻满意度与广泛性焦虑的关系中起部分中介作用。

In order to explore the relationship between maternal marital satisfaction and children’s anxiety and to examine the role of maternal parenting style,the marital satisfaction sub-scale,the parenting style questionnaire and children’s anxiety scale were em⁃ployed and a total of 643 children and their mothers were surveyed.The results showed that:(1)there was no gender difference in all dimensions of children’s anxiety,but there was a significant age difference in physical injury fear.Specifically,the level of physical injury fear of children in the 5~6 year old group was significantly higher than that in the 4 and below group,but no significant differ⁃ence from the 4~5 year old group;There was no significant difference in the fear level of physical injury between 4~5 years old and 4 years old and below.(2)Marital satisfaction was significantly negatively correlated with doting,laissez-faire,autocratic,inconsistent parenting styles and children’s anxiety at all dimensions,but significantly positively correlated with democratic style of parenting;(3)Parenting style played a partial mediating role in the relationship between maternal marital satisfaction and children’s anxiety;(4)Par⁃enting style played a full mediating role in the relationship between maternal marital satisfaction and children’s obsessive-compulsive disorder.Parenting style partially mediated the relationship between mother’s marital satisfaction and children’s social phobia,moth⁃er’s marital satisfaction and children’s separation anxiety,mother’s marital satisfaction and children’s physical injury fear,and mother’s marital satisfaction and children’s generalized anxiety.