夫妻延迟退休意愿的社会互动效应研究

Research on the Social Interaction Effects of the Delayed Retirement Intention of Couples

“十四五”规划明确提出实施渐进式延迟退休。基于社会互动理论,构建联立方程组并利用中国健康与养老追踪调查2018年数据,实证研究了夫妻延迟退休意愿的社会互动效应及其异质性。研究结果表明,夫妻延迟退休意愿存在显著的正向社会互动效应;女性延迟退休意愿受配偶影响更显著。在配偶社会互动效应影响下,65岁和60岁分别是丈夫和妻子意愿延迟退休的年龄上限。异质性分析结果还表明,受教育程度越高者和政府机关、事业单位工作人员延迟退休意愿受配偶社会互动效应的影响更大。据此,延迟退休改革方案应借助社会互动效应获得更多支持,应参考男女意愿延迟退休的年龄上限,合理规划政策的实施幅度。

The 14th Five-Year Plan explicitly proposes the implementation of progressive delayed retirement.Based on the social interaction theory,this paper empirically studies the social interaction effect and heterogeneity of couples intention to delay retirement by constructing simultaneous equations and using the data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2018.The results show that there is a significant positive social interaction effect on couples willingness to delay retirement,and women s willingness to delay retirement is more significantly affected by their spouses.Inspired by spousal social interaction effects,65 and 60 are the upper age limits at which husbands and wives are willing to delay retirement,respectively.Furthermore,the results of the heterogeneity analysis indicate that the intention to delay retirement is more significantly influenced by the social interaction effects of spouses for those with higher levels of education and for those working in government institutions.Hence,the delayed retirement reform proposal should leverage the benefits of spousal social interaction effects to gain more public support,and reasonably design the extent of implementation of the policy by taking into account the upper age limit at which men and women are willing to delay retirement.