上海市社区老年人轻度认知功能障碍的筛查分析

Status and associated factors of mild cognitive impairment among the elderly in Shanghai community

【目的】调查上海市社区老年人轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)现状,探究相关影响因素。【方法】采用蒙特利尔认知评估基础量表对≥65岁社区老年人进行MCI筛查,对影响因素进行logistic回归分析。【结果】在629位社区老年人中筛查出MCI 226位(35.90%)。更大的年龄(OR=1.04,95%CI:1.01~0.07)、更差的家庭收入(一般OR=2.20,95%CI:1.01~4.80;较差OR=2.59,95%CI:1.03~6.50)、听力状况影响生活(OR=1.86,95%CI:1.19~2.91)、有焦虑症状(OR=1.58,95%CI:1.02~2.44)的社区老年人更可能筛查出MCI。居住中心城区(OR=0.57,95%CI:0.37~0.89)和更高的社会支持(OR=0.97,95%CI:0.94~1.00)是筛查出MCI的保护因素。【结论】上海市社区老年人MCI现状不容乐观,建立老年认知障碍友好型社区是十分重要且必要的。

[Objective]To explore the status of mild cognitive impairment(MCI)among the elderly in Shanghai communities,and to identify the factors associated with MCI.[Methods]The Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Basic(MoCA-B)was used to screen for MCI in elderly adults.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors associated with MCI.[Results]Among 629 participants,226(35.90%)were positive for MCI.Older age(OR=1.04,95%CI:1.01−1.07),lower family income(average OR=2.20,95%CI:1.01−4.80;poor OR=2.59,95%CI:1.03−6.50),hearing impairment affecting daily life(OR=1.86,95%CI:1.19−2.91),and anxiety symptoms(OR=1.58,95%CI:1.02−2.44)were associated with the positive for MCI.Living in central urban area(OR=0.57,95%CI:0.37−0.89)and having higher social support(OR=0.97,95%CI:0.94−1.00)were protective factors for MCI.[Conclusion]The current status of MCI among the elderly in Shanghai communities is not optimistic.It is important and necessary to establish the cognitive-friendly community for the elderly.