东北连翘的开花物候观测

Observation on Flowering Phenology of Forsythia mandschurica Uyeki

为了解哈尔滨地区引种的东北连翘开花生物学特性,以黑龙江大学校园内栽植多年的东北连翘为研究对象,对其花期物候和花器官特征进行了初步观测。结果表明,东北连翘4月初现蕾,花期均始于4月中旬,单株花期19~27 d,单花花期11~14 d。入冬前花芽分化已完成,明显可见花萼、花瓣、雄蕊和雌蕊,且雄蕊花粉粒已经形成,子房内胚珠亦发育。花萼4,雄蕊花药相贴合,柱头二裂,中轴胎座。总体表明,东北连翘花芽分化较早,花期持续时间较长,花色鲜艳。

In order to understand the flowering biological characteristics of Forsythia mandschurica cultivated in Harbin,the floral organ characteristics and flowering phenology of F.mandschurica cultivated for quite a few years in Heilongjiang University were observed.The results illustrated that the buds emerged in early April,and the flowering period of it began in mid-April.The flowering period of single plant was 19-27 days,and that of single flower was 11-14 days.Before winter,flower bud differentiation was finished,and calyxes,petals,stamens and pistils were obviously visible.The pollen grains of stamen had been formed,and ovule within ovary was developed.The calyx was 4,the stamen anthers were fitted,the stigma was bificated,and the axial placenta was occupied.Overall,the buds of F.mandschurica showed that the buds of it differentiated earlier,the duration of flowering period was longer,and the flowers were bright.