物质成瘾领域自知力研究的问题及对策

Problems and Countermeasures of Insight Research in the Field of Substance Addiction

部分成瘾者没有意识到自己需要治疗,即其自知力损伤是成瘾领域面临的挑战之一。多项研究表明自知力在成瘾及戒断过程中十分重要。然而,不同的研究对自知力的概念化存在差异。并且,研究主要依赖自我报告的施测方式,行为测量工具较匮乏。针对以上问题,首先厘清了包含行为、临床、认知自知力的自知力概念框架;此外,提出使用差异评分的方法对自我报告存在的因果循环矛盾进行优化;最后,提出临床、认知自知力实验范式的开发方向。

The fact that some addicts do not realize they need treatment suggests one of the challenges facing addiction is the impairment of insight in the addicted population. Results from different researches indicate the importance of insight in both addiction and withdrawal processes. However,there exist differences in the conceptualization of insight across studies,and currently,self-report is still the primary measure. In response to the aforementioned issues,a conceptual framework of insight that includes behavioral,clinical,and cognitive insight is first clarified,and the use of different scoring is proposed to optimize the causal loop contradictions that exist in self-report. Also,future directions for the development of experimental paradigms for clinical and cognitive insight are provided.