生物有机肥与不同农家肥对设施无花果生长及品质的影响

Effects of bio-organic fertilizer and different farm manure on growth andquality of fig in protected areas

为探究不同用量生物有机肥与不同种类农家肥对设施无花果树体生长及果实品质的影响,本试验以温室内嫁接两年生‘金傲芬’无花果为材料,在新梢生长期3月5日和果实膨大期6月15日增施生物有机肥,施肥总量分别为0.2 kg/株、0.6 kg/株、1.0 kg/株;4种不同种类农家肥,分别为羊粪4.0 kg/株、兔子粪4.0 kg/株、鸡粪4.0 kg/株、鸽子粪4.0 kg/株;以常规施肥为对照(CK)。结果表明,增施生物有机肥或农家肥均可以缩短无花果植株节间长度,提高茎粗、叶绿素含量及产量,促进果实中可溶性固形物、可溶性糖以及维生素C含量的积累。其中以每株增施1.0 kg生物有机肥或4.0 kg兔子粪对树体生长和果实品质提升效果明显;每株增施1.0 kg生物有机肥,鲜果亩产量提高362.02 kg,果实中可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、维生素C含量分别提升了23.26%、20.03%、22.03%;增施兔子粪,鲜果亩产量提高403.79 kg,果实中可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、维生素C含量分别提升了20.58%、18.37%、29.82%。综上所述,在新疆南疆地区设施无花果每株增施1.0 kg生物有机肥或施4.0 kg兔子粪效果最佳。

To explore the effects of different amounts of bio-organic fertilizer and different types of farmyard manure on the growth and fruit quality of fig trees,the two-year-old‘Jinao fen’figs grafted in the greenhouse was used as the material,bio-organic fertilizer was applied on March 5 in the shoot growth period and June 15 in the fruit expansion period,the tatal amount of fertilizer applied was 0.2 kg,0.6 kg and 1.0 kg per plant,respectively.The four different types of farmyard manure were sheep manure,rabbit manure,chicken manure and pigeon manure,each plant was 4 kg,and the conventional fertilization was the control(CK).The results showed that the additional application of bio-organic fertilizer or farmyard manure shortened the internode length of fig plants,increased stem diameter,chlorophyll content and yield,and promoted the accumulation of soluble solid,soluble sugar and vitamin C content in the fruit.Increased application of 1.0 kg plant of bio-organic fertilizer or 4.0 kg plant rabbit manure significantly improved tree growth and fruit quality,with 1.0 kg plant of bio-organic fertilizer,fresh fruit yield increased by 362.02 kg 667 m 2,and soluble solids,soluble sugar,and vitamin C contents in fruit increased by 23.26%,20.03%,and 22.03%,respectively;with additional application of rabbit manure,the fresh fruit yield increased by 403.79 kg 667 m 2,and the soluble solids,soluble sugar,and vitamin C contents in fruits increased by 20.58%,18.37%,and 29.82%,respectively.In conclusion,The best effect was to by apply 1.0 kg bio-organic fertilizer or 4.0 kg rabbit manure to each fig in Southern Xinjiang.