口腔按摩护理联合非营养性吸吮对极低出生体质量早产儿喂养效果及生长发育的影响

Influences of oral massage nursing combined with non-nutritional sucking on feeding effects and growth and development of very low birth weight premature infants

目的:探讨口腔按摩护理联合非营养性吸吮对极低出生体质量早产儿喂养效果及生长发育的影响。方法:回顾性分析2019年10月至2021年10月该院收治的72例极低出生体质量早产儿的临床资料,按护理方法不同将其分为对照组和观察组各36例。对照组采取非营养性吸吮护理,观察组在对照组基础上采取口腔按摩护理。比较两组鼻饲相关指标(鼻胃管留置时间、胃残余奶量、住院时间)水平、生长发育指标(头围、身长、体质量)水平、喂养不耐受发生率及家长满意度。结果:观察组鼻胃管留置和住院时间均短于对照组,胃残余奶量少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,观察组体质量高于对照组,头围、身长均大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组喂养不耐受发生率为5.56%(2/36),低于对照组的22.22%(8/36),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组家长对护理人员操作技术、服务态度、喂养方式和健康指导的满意度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:口腔按摩护理联合非营养性吸吮在极低出生体质量早产儿中的应用效果良好,能够缩短鼻胃管留置时间和住院时间,减少胃残余奶量,促进早产儿生长发育,降低喂养不耐受发生率,提高家长满意度,效果优于单用非营养性吸吮护理。

Objective:To explore influences of oral massage nursing combined with non-nutritional sucking on feeding effects and growth and development of very low birth weight premature infants.Methods:The clinical data of 72 very low birth weight premature infants admitted to the hospital from October 2019 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different nursing methods,they were divided into control group and observation group,36 cases in each group.The control group was given non-nutritional sucking nursing,while the observation group was given the oral massage nursing on the basis of that of the control group.The nasal feeding related indicators(nasogastric tube indwelling time,gastric residual milk volume,hospitalization time),the growth and development indicator levels(head circumference,body length,body weight),the incidence of feeding intolerance,and the parental satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:The nasogastric tube indwelling time and the hospitalization time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group,and the gastric residual milk volume was less than that in the control group.After the intervention,the body mass of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,the head circumference and body length were higher than those of the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of feeding intolerance in the observation group was 5.56%(2/36),which was lower than 22.22%(8/36)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the parental satisfaction on the operation technology,service attitude,feeding mode and health guidance of nursing staffs in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:Non-nutritional sucking combined with oral massage nursing has a good application effect in the very low birth weight premature infants.It can shorten the nasogastric tube indwelling time and the hospitalization time,reduce the gastric residual milk volume,promote the growth and development of the premature infants,reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance,and improve the parental satisfaction.Moreover,it is superior to single non-nutritional sucking nursing.