文化挪用现象的哲学反思——基于文化挪用施为性话语形式的分析

Towards Cultural Self Confidence:A Critique of Cultural Appropriation

文化挪用是一种文化背景的人使用另一种文化中的文化元素的行为。文化挪用概念在文化交流和保护文化间存在张力,用于意指时易引起争议。由于文化挪用具有“施为性话语”的形式,意指他人文化挪用不但不会保护弱势群体,反而会造成二次伤害,并把子虚乌有的罪名安置到被意指者身上。文化挪用的实质是把受害者设定为“绝对他者”,在摆出意指“东方主义”的姿态时其实挑起了“东方主义”的话语。受害者为了反抗这一话语,又不得不作出自我东方化的陈述。由于蕴含危险,应避免意指文化挪用,以开放平和态度开展文化交流。

“Cultural appropriation”as a buzzword is used to refer to the unauthorized or unspecified display of the cultural elements of an alien people.However,with the tension between cultural communication and cultural protection,these accusations are controversial.Because of its performative quality,accusing others of cultural appropriation,instead of protecting vulnerable groups,only causes secondary harm in addition to placing false accusations on the accused.Moreover,as the essence of cultural appropriation is to set the victim as the“absolute other”,it actually reinforces the discourse of Orientalism while posing to charge others for Orientalism.Accusation of cultural appropriation embeds with dangers,should be avoided,in addition with open attitude in cultural communication.