典型非正规垃圾填埋场污染状况评价与分析

Evaluation and analysis of typical informal landfill pollution

基于国内12个典型非正规垃圾填埋场的污染调查,分析填埋场污染状况及地下水和土壤中重金属含量的相关性,并为非正规垃圾填埋场调查评价工作提出了建议。结果表明,典型非正规垃圾填埋场存在污染物超标现象,其中渗滤液、地下水、地表水、填埋气中污染物超标频次较高,环境空气、陈腐垃圾超标频次较低。土壤中污染物含量对照《土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》(GB 36600—2018)第二类用地风险筛选值均未超标,但对照GB 36600—2018第一类用地风险筛选值,发现苯并[a]芘、砷、铜、镍等存在超标现象。相关性分析表明,铜在地下水和土壤中的分布存在高度相关,镍、砷、汞存在中低度相关。建议尽快出台针对非正规垃圾填埋场调查评价的标准指南,以促进其规范化发展。

Based on the pollution investigation of 12 typical informal landfills in China,the pollution status of the landfills and the correlation between heavy metal content in groundwater and soil were analyzed,and suggestions for the investigation and evaluation of informal landfills were put forward.The results showed that there were pollutants exceeding the limits in typical informal landfills.The frequency of leachate,groundwater,surface water and landfill gas exceeding the standards was higher,and the frequency of ambient air and aged waste exceeding the standards was lower.According to risk screening values of the second-class land in“Soil environmental quality-risk control standard for soil contamination of development land”(GB 36600-2018),the pollutants in soil did not exceed,but benzo[a]pyrene,arsenic,copper and nickel exceeded the standard limits of risk screening values of the first-class land in GB 36600-2018.Correlation analysis results showed that the high correlation was illuminated between the distribution of copper in groundwater and soil,and the low/middle correlation was explored for nickel,arsenic and mercury.It was recommended to urgently establish standard guidelines for investigating and evaluating informal landfill,which could facilitate the standardized development of investigations and evaluations to such sites.