基于遗传算法的板式定制家具异形件排样优化研究

Research on Special-Shaped Parts Layout Optimization of Panel Customized Furniture Based on Genetic Algorithm

异形件排样问题,是指将一定量不规则异形件放在一定规格的板材中,在满足实际生产要求和约束条件的前提下,提高所排放异形件在板材上的占有率,达到最大化利用板材的优化目标。本文以板式定制家具的异形件排样问题为研究对象,运用具有良好全局寻优解和自适应优化特点的遗传算法,以原材料利用率最大化为目标,构建板式定制家具异形件排样的数学模型,得出排样方案,实现板式定制家具的异形件排样问题优化。在实验部分本研究基于某板式定制家具企业实际生产情况进行算法设计,使用MATLAB软件针对三组样本算例进行了仿真实验。结果表明:采用遗传算法进行异形件排样较企业当前异形件排样方案原材料利用率分别提高2.36%、8.8%、4.43%,验证了本文提出的遗传算法优化排样方案在求解板式定制家具异形件排样问题中的可行性和有效性。

The problem of special-shaped parts layout refers to placing a large number of special-shaped parts in a certain specification panel,improving the share of the arranged special-shaped parts in the panel under the premise of meeting the actual production requirements and constraints,and achieving a certain optimization goal.This paper takes the layout problem of special-shaped parts of panel customized furniture as the research object,combining the genetic algorithm with a good global optimization solution and adaptive optimization characteristics,aiming to maximize the utilization rate of raw materials,building the mathematical model of the layout of special-shaped parts of panel customized furniture,obtaining the layout scheme,and realizing the optimization of the layout problem of special-shaped parts of panel customized furniture.Based on the actual production situation of a panel customized furniture enterprise,the algorithm design was carried out in this study.Simulation experiments were conducted on three groups of sample examples in MATLAB software.The results showed that the use of genetic algorithms in the layout of special-shaped parts increases the utilization rate of raw materials by 2.36%,8.8%,and 4.43%,respectively,compared with the current layout scheme of special-shaped parts of enterprises,which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the genetic algorithm optimization layout scheme proposed in this paper in solving the layout problem of special-shaped parts of panel customized furniture.