老年心律失常患者衰弱现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of debilitating status and influencing factors in elderly patients with arrhythmia

目的分析老年心律失常患者衰弱现状及影响因素,为临床人员对衰弱的早期干预提供参考。方法运用便利抽样法,选取220例老年心律失常患者作为调查对象,使用一般资料调查表、FRALL衰弱量表、慢性病健康素养量表等及实验室指标进行调查。应用单因素和二元Logistic回归分析老年心律失常患者衰弱相关危险因素。结果老年心律失常患者衰弱发生率为25.9%;二元Logistic回归分析结果显示:肌酐(OR=1.015,95%CI=1.001~1.029)、存在营养风险(OR=7.386,95%CI=2.248~24.296)、存在焦虑风险(OR=6.770,95%CI=1.554~29.495)、所患慢病种类≥5种(OR=10.212,95%CI=2.686~38.687)、慢性病健康素养(OR=0.815,95%CI=0.706~0.941)及运动自我效能(OR=0.446,95%CI=0.240~0.829)是老年心律失常住院患者衰弱独立预测因子(P<0.05)。结论老年心律失常患者衰弱发生率较高,临床人员应加强对衰弱老年人的关注度,尤其针对肌酐值偏高、存在营养和焦虑风险、慢病共存、低水平健康素养和运动自我效能的病人,积极采取针对性相关措施改善病人生存质量、降低再入院率。

Objective To analyze the debilitating status of elderly patients with arrhythmias and its influencing factors,and to provide references for early intervention of debilitation.Methods The convenience sampling method was used to select 220 elderly patients with arrhythmias,and the general data questionnaire,FRAIL scale,chronic disease health literacy scale and laboratory indicators were used for investigation.Univariate and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the related risk factors of weakness in elderly patients with arrhythmia.Results The incidence of asthenia in elderly patients with arrhythmia was 25.9%.The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that creatinine(OR=1.015,95%CI=1.001-1.029),nutritional risk(OR=7.386,95%CI=2.248-24.296),anxiety risk(OR=6.770,95%CI=1.554-29.495),types of chronic diseases≥5(OR=10.212,95%CI=2.686-38.687),chronic disease health literacy(OR=0.815,95%CI=0.706-0.941)and exercise self-efficacy(OR=0.446,95%CI=0.240-0.829)were independent predictors of debilitation in elderly patients with arrhythmia(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of debilitation in elderly patients with arrhythmia is high.Clinical staff should pay more attention to the weak elderly,and actively take targeted measures to improve the quality of life of patients and reduce the readmission rate,especially for patients with high creatinine value,nutrition and anxiety risk,chronic disease coexistence,low-level health literacy and exercise self-efficacy.