考虑实时载客量的公交信号优先策略改进控制模型

An Improved Control Model of Bus Signal Priority Strategy Considering Real-Time Number of Passengers

传统的公交信号优先策略往往依据公交车到达交叉口时刻或公交车固定载客量,无法有效地反映公交车实际载客量影响。针对该问题,考虑公交车实时载客量,以通过交叉口所有乘客的人均延误最小为优化目标,建立了交叉口公交信号优先控制模型;将公交IC卡和GPS数据进行匹配,比对公交站点乘客上车数,推算公交站点乘客下车数,分析了公交车通过交叉口时的实时载客量;提出了公交信号优先改进策略,分析该策略下各相位延误,引入公交优先强度系数;构建了交叉口人均延误模型和公交信号优先控制模型,采用启发式搜索算法求解该模型。研究结果表明:与传统的公交信号优先策略相比,考虑实时载客量的改进绿灯延长、改进绿灯早启公交信号优先策略的周期人均延误分别降低了20.98%、18.11%。

Traditional bus signal priority is generally based on the moment of bus arrival at the intersection or the fixed passenger capacity of the bus,and it cannot exactly reflect the actual number of passengers of the bus.To address the problem,an intersection bus signal priority control model was established,considering the real-time number of passengers of the bus,with the minimum delay per person for all people passing through the intersection as the optimization objective.The bus IC card and GPS data were matched,the number of passengers boarding at bus stops was compared,the number of passengers getting off at bus stops was calculated and the real-time number of passengers of buses passing through the intersection was analyzed.The bus signal priority improvement strategy was proposed,and the delay of each phase under the proposed strategy was analyzed by introducing the bus priority intensity coefficient.The intersection per capita delay model and bus signal priority control model were constructed,and the heuristic search algorithm was used to solve the above model.The research results show that compared with the traditional bus signal priority strategy,the bus signal priority strategy considering the real-time number of passengers for improving green light extension and green light early start has reduced the cycle delay per capita by 20.98% and 18.11%,respectively.