英国学位学徒制实施效能评析

Evaluation and Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Degree Apprenticeship System in the UK

作为本科及更高学历层级的职业教育发展形式,英国学位学徒制的实施引起各国教育界广泛关注,其实施成效也成为众多学者关注的问题。通过文献梳理,发现英国学位学徒制的实施对企业、高校和学徒均产生明显的影响和效能:学位学徒制有助于解决企业培训资金和劳动力短缺问题,但也给企业带来课程开发等额外的企业管理方面的压力;学位学徒制推动高校在课程开发和办学模式上的变革,但也对高校基于学术特性的管理创新与教学创新提出挑战;学位学徒制为学徒拓展升学路径、提升学习效率和提高就业竞争优势,但也还存在支撑机制不健全等问题有待解决。

As a form of vocational education development at undergraduate and higher levels,the implementation of the degree ap⁃prenticeship system in the UK has attracted widespread attention from the education community in various countries,and its effec⁃tiveness has also become a concern for many scholars.Through literature review,it is found that the implementation of the degree apprenticeship system in the UK has had a significant impact and effectiveness on enterprises,universities,and apprentices.The de⁃gree apprenticeship system can help solve the problem of shortage of training funds and labor in enterprises,but it also brings addi⁃tional pressure on enterprise management such as course development.The degree apprenticeship system promotes changes in cur⁃riculum development and educational models in universities,but it also poses challenges to management and teaching innovation based on academic characteristics in universities.The degree apprenticeship system expands the path for apprentices to pursue high⁃er education,improves learning efficiency,and enhances their competitive advantage in employment,however,there are still issues that need to be addressed,such as inadequate support mechanisms.