从“失序”到“有序”:生成式人工智能教育应用的转向及其生成机制

From “Disordered” to “Ordered” : The Transformation and Its Generation Mechanism of Generative Artificial Intelligence Education Application

当教育者以批判性逻辑和局域经验性认知为基础,将注意力放在ChatGPT等生成性人工智能的异化利用上时,可以很轻易地挖掘其所引发的教育质量失控、运行失序、伦理失调、认知浅化、创新堕化等外在异己性风险,成为自觉公开或隐蔽抵制的“技术幽灵”,容易形成一种基于自我选择和自我强化的新的不平等。从ChatGPT等生成式人工智能所呈现的强情境化、重整合化、凸显个体差异性和内蕴批判精神的特征来看,生成式人工智能能为学习者重构空间、重建内容、重塑能力、重调过程、重建评价等,为破解单一知识来源、冲击标准化场域、打破封闭式教学和突破外在表现评价等教育异化现象提供“解决工具”。ChatGPT等生成式人工智能的教育应用“利好”转化需要以理想课堂建构为追求,建构人与ChatGPT等生成式人工智能工具实现共生成长的生成机制。对此,基于动机类别和联结机会,将生成式人工智能教育应用的转化机制区分为顺应型机制、响应型机制、主动型机制和建构型机制,旨在针对不同类型的动机和联结机会,促进生成式人工智能的科学应用,实现生成式人工智能从“失序”到“有序”的应用转变。

When educators focus on the alienated use of generative artificial intelligence such as ChatGPT on the basis of critical logic and local experiential cognition,they can easily tap the potential of external alien forces such as out-of-control education quality,disorderly operation,ethical imbalance,shallow cognition and innovation degradation caused by ChatGPT.Becoming the“phantom of technology”of self-conscious overt or covert resistance tends to create a new kind of inequality based on self-selection and self-reinforcement.From the characteristics of strong contextualization,reintegration,individual difference and inherent critical spirit presented by generative artificial intelligence such as ChatGPT,it can reconstruct learning space,rebuild learning content,rebuild ability,reset process and rebuild evaluation for learners.It provides“practical tools”to solve the single source of knowledge,strike the standardization field,break the closed teaching and break through the external performance evaluation and other educational dissimilation problems.The“positive”transformation of ChatGPT education application needs to pursue the construction of ideal classroom and construct the generation mechanism of symbiotic between human beings and generative artificial intelligence tools such as ChatGPT.In this regard,based on motivation categories and connection opportunities,the transformation mechanism of ChatGPT educational application is divided into adaptive mechanism,responsive mechanism,active mechanism and constructive mechanism,aiming at promoting the scientific application of generative artificial intelligence according to different types of motivation and connection opportunities,and realizing the transformation from“disordered”to“ordered”application.