沙盘游戏用于产后康复期对产妇负性情绪及睡眠质量的影响

Effects of sandplay on negative emotions and sleep quality of parturients during postpartum rehabilitation

目的探讨沙盘游戏在产后康复期对产妇负性情绪及睡眠质量的影响。方法选取枣庄市妇幼保健院2019年1月至12月收治的100例产妇进行随机对照试验。采用随机数字表法将其分为研究组和对照组,各50例。研究组年龄(31.45±1.45)岁,孕周(36.25±1.36)周;对照组年龄(31.16±1.22)岁,孕周(36.65±1.25)周。研究组产后康复期给予常规干预+沙盘游戏,对照组给予常规干预。对比两组负性情绪[抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)]、睡眠质量[匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)]、生活质量[简明生活质量量表(SF-36)]。计数资料采用χ^(2)检验,计量资料采用t检验。结果干预后,两组SDS、SAS评分均降低(均P<0.05),且研究组SDS、SAS评分均低于对照组[(32.41±2.30)分比(40.22±2.64)分、(30.10±2.15)分比(36.55±2.32)分;t=15.772、14.419,均P<0.05]。干预后,两组睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍、催眠药物、日间功能障碍评分均降低(均P<0.05),且研究组睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍、催眠药物、日间功能障碍评分均低于对照组[(1.22±0.21)分比(1.58±0.26)分、(1.16±0.18)分比(1.42±0.22)分、(1.10±0.15)分比(1.37±0.24)分、(1.15±0.20)分比(1.50±0.23)分、(1.14±0.24)分比(1.42±0.30)分、(1.13±0.16)分比(1.50±0.20)分、(1.12±0.12)分比(1.47±0.16)分;t=7.617、6.468、6.746、8.120、5.153、10.215、12.374,均P<0.05]。干预后,研究组SF-36量表中生理机能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、一般健康状况、社会功能、情感职能、精神健康评分及总分分别为(18.53±2.24)分、(12.25±2.10)分、(9.44±1.42)分、(12.18±2.15)分、(7.25±2.14)分、(11.02±2.03)分、(15.33±2.10)分、(122.14±5.22)分,均高于对照组的(15.12±1.43)分、(10.85±2.16)分、(8.32±1.06)分、(11.24±1.25)分、(6.16±1.22)分、(10.33±1.31)分、(12.36±1.63)分、(110.36±5.12)分,差异均有统计学意义(t=9.073、3.286、4.469、2.673、3.129、2.019、7.900、11.392,均P<0.05)。结论在产后康复期对产妇采用沙盘游戏进行干预,能够改善产妇负性情绪,改善其睡眠质量、生活质量,值得临床应用推广。

Objective To explore the effects of sandplay on negative emotions and sleep quality of parturients during postpartum rehabilitation.Methods One hundred parturients admitted to Zaozhuang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from January to December 2019 were selected for the randomized controlled trial,and were divided into a study group and a control group by the random number table method,with 50 cases in each group.The study group were(31.45±1.45)years old and(36.25±1.36)weeks pregnant.The control group were(31.16±1.22)years old and(36.65±1.25)weeks pregnant.The control group took routine intervention and did sandplay.The control group took routine intervention.The negative moods[Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)and Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)],sleep qualities[Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)],qualities of life(SF-36)of the two groups were compared.The enumeration data were compared by χ^(2) test,and the measurement data by t test.Results After the intervention,the scores of SDS and SAS decreased in both groups(all P<0.05),and the scores of the study group were lower than those of the control group[(32.41±2.30)vs.(40.22±2.64)and(30.10±2.15)vs.(36.55±2.32);t=15.772 and 14.419;both P<0.05].After the intervention,the scores of sleep quality,time getting into sleep,sleep time,sleep efficiency,sleep disorders,hypnotic drugs,and daytime dysfunction were all decreased in both groups(all P<0.05);the scores in the study group were lower than those in the control group[(1.22±0.21)vs.(1.58±0.26),(1.16±0.18)vs.(1.42±0.22),(1.10±0.15)vs.(1.37±0.24),(1.15±0.20)vs.(1.50±0.23),(1.14±0.24)vs.(1.42±0.30),(1.13±0.16)vs.(1.50±0.20),and(1.12±0.12)vs.(1.47±0.16);t=7.617,6.468,6.746,8.120,5.153,10.215,and 12.374;all P<0.05].After the intervention,the scores of physiological function,physiological function,physical pain,general health status,social function,emotional function,and mental health of SF-36 were(18.53±2.24),(12.25±2.10),(9.44±1.42),(12.18±2.15),(7.25±2.14)(11.02±2.03),(15.33±2.10),and(122.14±5.22)in the study group,which were higher than those in the control group[(15.12±1.43),(10.85±2.16),(8.32±1.06),(11.24±1.25),(6.16±1.22),(10.33±1.31),(12.36±1.63),and(110.36±5.12)],with statistical differences(t=9.073,3.286,4.469,2.673,3.129,2.019,7.900,and 11.392;all P<0.05).Conclusion Sandplay for parturients during postpartum rehabilitation can improve their negative emotions,sleep quality,and quality of life,so it is worthy of clinical application and promotion.