北京市设施农业应用现状及发展建议

Application Status and Development Suggestions for Facility Agriculture in Beijing

通过对北京市13个区设施农业总量及类型、设施分布及利用、设施农业产业情况等调研,明确了北京市老旧温室量大面广,设施生产能力需要进一步提升,设施发展受用地制约,组织化程度低,关键技术仍需提升等问题。建议分类改造和大型化、宜机化、智能化提升;培育不同类型的社会化服务组织,带动设施上下游产业抱团发展,补齐基层推广系统改革后的农技推广体系短板;从重要品种选育、新型栽培模式、病虫害防控策略和产品研发、智能灌溉施肥技术集成体系推广等方面发力,实现产前品种专用化、设施装配化,产中环控自动化、生产机械化,产后产品标准化、管理智慧化。

Through investigation on the total quantity and type of facility agriculture in 13 districts of Beijing,facility distribution and utilization,industry situation of facility agriculture etc.,this paper specified that the old greenhouses in Beijing were large in quantity and wide in scope,its productive capacity needed further improvement.The facility development was restricted by land use,organization degree was low,and key technology still needed to be improved.The authors suggested to make classify transformation;do largescale,machine-friendly and intelligent upgrading;cultivate different types of social service organization;drive facility upstream&downstream industries developing together;and make up the shortcomings of agricultural technology extension system after grassroots extension system reformation.Efforts should be made from the aspects of breeding important varieties,studying and developing disease and pest control strategies and products in new cultivation modes,integrated promoting intelligent irrigation and fertilization technology,so as to realize the specialization of prenatal varieties,facility assembly,automation of environmental control and production mechanization during production process,and standardization of post-production products and intelligent management.