摘要
为了更好地理解透过型坝的减灾表现,通过对岷江上游、安宁河流域已建的透过型坝开展无人机航测、泥石流取样、室内分析测试等工作,将坝体开口形式分为横向开口、竖向开口、方形开口和混合开口4种类型,研究结果表明:区内透过型坝结构主要以方形开口为主,拦砂坝满库和半库工况占比分别为33.65%和40.38%;回淤纵坡经验值S dep=(0.31~0.83)S init,整体都表现出较好的回淤缓坡效果;在调控方面,透过型坝表现出一定的拦粗排细特征,但由于坝体开口较小,其对粒径的分选效果并不显著;透过型坝减灾中存在坝(群)开口参数设计不合理、坝体结构整体性较差、过流结构的磨蚀破坏、坝下游冲刷侵蚀和基础淘蚀破坏以及库内人工清淤不当等问题。研究成果完善了透过型坝的结构分类,加深了对其功能性的认识和理解,明确了工程实践中的问题与不足,可为工程优化设计提供技术支撑。
With the aim to better understand the performance of open-type check dam against debris flow,a detailed field investigation of open check dams in upper Min River and Anning River was done.In this paper,a classification of open check dams was proposed,including horizontal opening,vertical opening,frame opening and compounded opening.The results indicated that the frame opening was the most open structure of dams.The work situations of full and half reservoir take 36.65%and 40.38%,respectively.And the S dep/S init was ranged from 0.31 to 0.83.The dams performed a regulating function to material size,but the sorting effect was not significant due to the small opening size in practice.Finally,it indicated that the safety of current situation of open check dams dominated by several issues,namely,unreasonable design of opening size,poor structural integrity,abrasion damage of spillway,foundation erosion and improper artificial dredging.The research results can provide a technical support and reference for optimal design of open check dam.
作者
孙昊
游勇
李道凌
柳金峰
王东伟
刘帆
SUN Hao;YOU Yong;LI Daoling;LIU Jinfeng;WANG Dongwei;LIU Fan(Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process/Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;Natural Resources Bureau of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture,Sichuan Province,Barkam 624000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Guangdong Zhonggong Architectural Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510006,China)
出处
《自然灾害学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期37-46,共10页
Journal of Natural Disasters
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(42201095)
四川省自然科学基金项目(2022NSFSC1032)。
关键词
泥石流
透过型拦砂坝
运行现状
拦淤调控
减灾效果
debris flow
open check dam
current situation investigation
siltation and regulation
control effectiveness