孕晚期B族链球菌定植情况及妊娠结局分析

Colonization And Pregnancy Outcome Analysis of Group B Streptococcus in Advanced Pregnancy

目的 分析妊娠晚期孕妇B族链球菌定植情况及其妊娠结局的影响,为保证辖区母婴健康提供一定的借鉴依据。方法 纳入2022年5月—2022年10月在本院接受B族链球菌(GBS)筛查的孕35~37周的孕妇500例,使用两种方法采集阴道和直肠分泌物,记录不同标本采集方式下B族链球菌的检出率和500例孕妇的GBS带菌情况,孕妇阴道和直肠GBS定植情况,早产、胎膜早破、宫内窘迫、宫内感染及胎儿感染等情况。结果 500名孕妇中总定植率为8%,其中阴道中的定植率为5.6%,直肠中的定植率为3.8%,双拭子单独采集标本中GBS检出率显著高于单拭子联合采集标本,差异显著具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而GBS阳性组与GBS阴性组资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。GBS阳性孕妇发生早产、胎膜早破、产后出血等情况及新生儿发生胎儿窘迫、新生儿肺炎等情况的概率明显高于GBS阴性组,且差异显著具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 不同的标本采集方式会影响GBS的检出率,推荐采用双拭子分别采集阴道和直肠分泌物,以提高GBS检出率,防止漏检和交叉感染事件的发生。

Objective To analyze colonization of group B streptococcus in advanced pregnancy women and effect of group B streptococcus carrier on pregnancy outcomes,to provide some certain reference basis for health of mothers and infants.Methods The paper chose 500 pregnant women with 35-37 weeks received GBS screening in our hospital from May 2022 to October 2022,collected vaginal and rectal secretions with two methods,recorded detection rate of group B streptococcus and GBS carrier status of 500 pregnant women with different sample collection methods,GBS colonization status in vagina and rectum,premature birth,premature rupture of membranes,intrauterine distress,intrauterine infections,and fetal infections.Results Total colonization rate of 500 pregnant women was 8%,with a colonization rate of 5.6%in vagina and 3.8%in rectum.Detection rate of GBS with double swab specimens separate collection was significantly higher than single swab specimens joint collection,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between GBS positive group and GBS negative group in terms of average age,number of pregnant women age≥35,body mass index,history of miscarriage,and parity,indicating comparability(P>0.05).Incidence of premature birth,premature rupture of membranes,postpartum hemorrhage,and fetal distress,neonatal pneumonia,and other conditions in GBS positive group was significantly higher than GBS negative group,difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Different sampling methods can affect detection rate of GBS.It is recommended to collect vaginal and rectal secretions with double swabs separately to improve detection rate of GBS and prevent missed detections and cross infection events.