儿童变应性鼻炎家庭管理水平及影响因素的调查研究

Investigation and Study on Family Management Level and Influencing Factors of Children with Allergic Rhinitis

目的 调查了解儿童变应性鼻炎家庭管理水平,并对其影响因素进行分析。方法 选取2021年2月—2022年2月于本院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科治疗的97例变应性鼻炎患儿为研究对象,采用一般资料调查问卷收集患儿信息,采用中文版家庭管理测量量表(family management measure, FaMM)评估家庭管理水平,采用家庭功能评定量表(family assessment devicem, FAD)评估家庭系统各方面功能;采用多元线性分析影响儿童变应性鼻炎家庭管理水平的因素。结果 变应性鼻炎患儿家庭管理测量量表评分为(168.21±15.72)分,家庭功能评定量表评分为(132.14±9.28)分;比较不同性别、年龄变应性鼻炎患儿Fa MM评分,差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05);比较不同病程时间、居住地、主要照顾者年龄、主要照顾者文化水平、家庭人均月收入的变应性鼻炎患儿的Fa MM评分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);多元线性回归分析研究显示,病程时间、主要照顾者年龄、主要照顾者文化水平、家庭人均月收入是儿童变应性鼻炎家庭管理水平的影响因素。结论 变应性鼻炎患儿的家庭管理水平处于中等水平,受病程时间、主要照顾者年龄、主要照顾者文化水平、家庭人均月收入等因素影响。

Objective To investigate family management level of 97 children with allergic rhinitis and analyze its influencing factors.Methods The paper chose 97 children with allergic rhinitis treated in otolaryngology head and neck surgery department of our hospital from February 2021 to February 2022 as research subjects,collected their information with general information survey questionnaire,evaluated family management level with Chinese version of the Family Management Measure(FaMM),evaluated various aspects of family system function with Family Assessment Device(FAD),and identified factors affecting family management level of children with allergic rhinitis with multiple linear analysis.Results Scores of the Chinese version of Family Management Measurement Scale for children with allergic rhinitis were(168.21±15.72)points,scores of Family Function Assessment Scale were(132.14±9.28)points.Comparison of FaMM scores among children with allergic rhinitis of different genders and ages showed no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).There was statistically significant difference in FaMM scores of children with allergic rhinitis among different duration of illness,place of residence,age of primary caregivers,educational level of primary caregivers,and per capita monthly income of families(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed duration of illness,age of primary caregivers,educational level of primary caregivers,and per capita monthly income of families were influencing factors on family management level of children with allergic rhinitis.Conclusion Family management level of children with allergic rhinitis is at a moderate level,which is influenced by factors including duration of illness,age of primary caregivers,educational level of primary caregivers,and per capita monthly income of the family.