幽门螺杆菌感染对妊娠糖尿病不良妊娠结局的影响

Effects of Helicobacter pylori Infection on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

目的探讨幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染对妊娠糖尿病不良妊娠结局的影响。方法随机选取2020年1月至2022年6月在莆田地区两家三甲综合医院就诊的妊娠糖尿病孕妇276例为研究对象。根据病史和孕期检查中的OGTT筛查、幽门螺杆菌检测结果,分为GDM-Hp阳性组(n=165),GDM-Hp阴性组(n=111)。收集两组孕妇的一般资料、围生期检查结果、妊娠结局等数据。采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计学分析,比较两组对象的妊娠相关疾病(妊娠剧吐)和妊娠结局(子痫前期、早产、新生儿体质量、新生儿身长、流产、胎儿窘迫)情况,检验水准α=0.05。结果最终将GDM-Hp阳性组161例研究对象,GDM-Hp阴性组108例研究对象纳入研究。两组对象的妊娠相关疾病(如妊娠剧吐)比较,有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组对象的妊娠结局中,子痫前期、早产、新生儿体质量、新生儿身长比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组对象的妊娠结局中,流产、胎儿窘迫比较,无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论幽门螺杆菌感染可能会增加妊娠相关疾病(妊娠剧吐)及妊娠不良结局(子痫前期、早产、新生儿体质量、新生儿身长)的风险。

Objective To investigate the effect of Helicobacter pylori(Hp)infection on adverse pregnancy outcome of gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods 276 pregnant women with gestational diabetes who were treated in two gradeⅢgeneral hospitals in Putian area from January 2020 to June 2022 were randomly selected as the study objects.According to the medical history,OGTT screening and Helicobacter pylori detection results during pregnancy,the patients were divided into GDM-Hp positive group(n=165)and GDM-Hp negative group(n=111).The general data,perinatal examination results and pregnancy outcomes of the two groups were collected.SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis,and the pregnancy-related diseases(hyperemesis gravidarum)and pregnancy outcomes(preeclampsia,premature delivery,neonatal body weight,neonatal height,abortion,fetal distress)of the two groups were compared,and the test level α=0.05.Results 161 subjects in GDMHp positive group and 108 subjects in GDM-Hp negative group were included in the study.The comparison of pregnancy-related diseases(such as hyperemesis gravidarum)between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Among the pregnancy outcomes of the two groups,there was statistical significance in preeclampsia,premature birth,newborn body weight and newborn height(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the comparison of abortion and fetal distress in pregnancy outcome between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion H.pylori infection may increase the risk of pregnancy-related diseases(hyperemesis gravidarum)and adverse pregnancy outcomes(preeclampsia,preterm birth,neonatal body mass,neonatal height).