福州地区180例儿童消化道异物临床特点与危险因素分析

Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of 180 Cases of Pediatric Gastrointestinal Foreign Bodies in Fuzhou Area

目的回顾性分析福州地区内镜干预的消化道异物病例特点、并发症以及危险因素,为临床处理提供参考依据。方法收集2015年1月至2022年12月在福建省妇幼保健院和福建省儿童医院接受内镜干预治疗的消化道异物患儿的临床数据。采用χ2检验进行计数资料组间比较。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析评估危险因素。结果共纳入180例行内镜干预治疗的消化道异物病例。患儿的年龄最小5个月,最大13岁。其中14例发生了并发症,发生率为7.78%。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、异物类型、异物数量、异物长度以及异物滞留位置均与并发症的发生有关。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄<3岁、危险异物(如纽扣电池、磁性异物、尖锐异物)、多个异物、长度≥4 cm的异物以及非胃内异物都是发生并发症的危险因素。结论福州地区内镜干预治疗的消化道异物病例中,并发症的发生率为7.78%。早期识别消化道异物的高危因素,并评估最佳内镜干预时机,是避免严重并发症发生的关键。

Objective To retrospectively analyze the characteristics,complications,and risk factors of patients with gastrointestinal foreign bodies who underwent endoscopic intervention in the Fuzhou area,providing reference for clinical management.Methods Clinical data of pediatric patients with gastrointestinal foreign bodies who underwent endoscopic intervention at the Fujian Provincial Maternity and Childrer's Hospital and Fujian Children's Hospital from January 2015 to December 2022 were collected.The chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables between groups.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the risk factors.Results A total of 180 cases of endoscopic intervention for gastrointestinal foreign bodies were included.The age of the patients ranged from 5 months to 13 years.Among them,14 cases experienced complications,with an incidence rate of 7.78%.Univariate analysis showed that age,type of foreign body,number of foreign bodies,length of foreign bodies,and location of foreign body retention were all associated with the occurrence of complications.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age<3 years,hazardous foreign bodies(such as button batteries,magnetic objects,and sharp objects),multiple foreign bodies,foreign bodies with a length≥4 cm,and non-gastric foreign bodies were all risk factors for complications.Conclusions The incidence rate of complications in cases of endoscopic intervention for gastrointestinal foreign bodies in the Fuzhou area was 7.78%.Early identification of high-risk factors for gastrointestinal foreign bodies and assessment of the optimal timing for endoscopic intervention are crucial for preventing severe complications.