饮食宣教对老年糖尿病肾病患者营养状况的影响

Effect of Diet Education on Nutritional Status of Elderly Patients with Diabetes Nephropathy

目的探讨饮食宣教对老年糖尿病肾病患者营养状况的影响。方法选取在福清市第五医院2019年5月至2023年5月期间诊治的老年糖尿病肾病患者中抽取76例作为研究对象,并采取随机抽签法分组,对照组(n=38)应用常规护理措施,研究组(n=38)在常规护理基础上加用饮食宣教,对比两组患者营养状况。结果研究组患者的营养良好者比率高于对照组(P<0.05),重度营养不良者、轻中度营养不良者比率低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组健康知识掌握度占比高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组核心管理、自我监测、健康知识掌握等评分高于对照组,组间比较结果为P<0.05;研究组合理锻炼、遵医嘱用药、科学饮食、心理状态调节、血糖自我监测等评分高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论饮食宣教对老年糖尿病肾病患者营养状况具有正面影响。

Objective To explore the effect of diet education on nutritional status of elderly patients with diabetes nephropathy.Methods 76 elderly patients with diabetes nephropathy diagnosed and treated in Fuqing fifth hospital from May 2019 to May 2023 were selected as research objects,and randomly divided into groups.The control group(n=38)applied conventional nursing measures,and the research group(n=38)added diet education on the basis of conventional nursing to compare the nutritional status of the two groups.Results The proportion of patients with good nutrition in the research group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),while the proportion of patients with severe and mild to moderate malnutrition was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05);The proportion of health knowledge mastery in the research group was higher than that in the control group,with differences between groups(P<0.05);The core management,self-monitoring,and health knowledge mastery scores of the research group were higher than those of the control group,with significant differences between the groups(P<0.05);The scores of the research group in terms of physical exercise,medication according to medical advice,scientific diet,psychological state regulation,and blood glucose self-monitoring were higher than those of the control group,with significant differences between the groups(P<0.05).Conclusions Dietary education has a positive impact on the nutritional status of elderly patients with diabetes nephropathy.