预测性护理对结直肠癌根治术患者围手术期生活质量、情绪及并发症的影响

Effects of predictive care on perioperative quality of life,mood,and complication in patients undergoing radical colorectal cancer surgery

目的分析预测性护理对结直肠癌根治术患者的围手术期生活质量、情绪及并发症发生率的影响。方法选择2018年1月1日至2022年12月31日于北京市怀柔区中医医院行结直肠癌根治术的患者106例,排除不愿参与研究者5例及资料不全者1例,最终纳入100例患者作为研究对象,将所有患者按照随机字母表法分为对照组和观察组各50例,对照组患者予以常规护理,观察组患者予以预测性护理。对比两组患者的一般基线资料;干预前后结直肠癌生活质量专用量表(EORTC QLQ-CR38)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分;围手术期并发症发生率和护理满意度。结果两组患者的一般基线资料差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预前1周,两组患者的EORTC QLQ-CR38评分、HAMA和HAMD评分无显著差异;干预后1周,两组患者在健康状况、角色功能、躯体形象等领域的评分均上升,疼痛感评分、HAMA和HAMD评分均下降,且两组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组围手术期出现切口感染、腹腔感染、腹痛等并发症的发生率及并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的护理服务满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论采用预测性护理干预结直肠癌根治术患者,可以提高患者生活质量、减轻负性情绪、降低并发症风险、提高护理满意度。

Objective To analyze the effects of predictive care on perioperative quality of life,mood,and complication rates in patients undergoing radical surgery for colorectal cancer.Methods A total of 106 patients who underwent radical surgery for colorectal cancer in Huairou District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Beijing were selected from January 1,2018 to December 31,2022.Excluding 5 unwilling participators and 1 with incomplete data,100 patients were finally included as study subjects.All the patients were divided into control group and observation group with 50 cases in each group according to the method of randomized alphabetical list,and the patients of the control group were provided with routine care,and those of the observation group were provided with predictive care.The general baseline data of the patients of the two groups were compared.The scores of the Colorectal Cancer Quality of Life Specific Scale(EORTC QLQ-CR38),the Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),the incidence of perioperative complications,and satisfaction with nursing services of the two groups were compared.Results There was no statistically significant difference in general baseline data between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the EORTC QLQ-CR38 scores,HAMA and HAMD scores between the two groups 1 week before the intervention;1 week after the intervention,the scores of the two groups in the domains of health status,role functioning,and body image increased,and the scores of pain sensation,HAMA,and HAMD scores decreased,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The incidence of complications such as incision infection,abdominal cavity infection,abdominal pain and the total incidence of complications during the perioperative period in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The nursing service satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The use of predictive nursing intervention for patients undergoing radical surgery for colorectal cancer can improve patients′quality of life,reduce negative emotions,lower the risk of complications,and improve nursing satisfaction.