羌活根际土壤微生物群落结构特征及其对次生代谢产物的影响

Characteristics of Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Community Structure and Its Effects on Secondary Metabolites of Notopterygium incisum

[目的]科学评估羌活主产区土壤生态系统健康状况,揭示土壤微生物与羌活的互作关系。[方法]以羌活根际土壤为研究对象,分别采用高通量测序技术和高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定土壤微生物群落结构组成和羌活次生代谢产物含量,进一步采用冗余分析和相关性分析方法研究根际土壤微生物对羌活次生代谢产物的影响。[结果]羌活根际土壤细菌优势门类群为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),真菌优势门类群为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)和球囊菌门(Glomeromycota)。属水平上,细菌优势属为Vicinamibacter(0.80%~9.11%)、土生单胞菌属Terrimonas(0.66%~7.72%)和硝化螺旋菌属Nitrospira(1.18%~4.46%);真菌优势属为被孢霉属Mortierella(0.01%~14.19%)、四孢菌属Tetracladium(0.18%~14.32%)和黄豆菌属Kotlabaca(0.01%~24.96%)。冗余分析表明羌活根际土壤微生物群落结构主要受土壤pH及养分含量影响,其中Colletotrichum和Botryichum与pH呈显著负相关(P<0.05),Bradyrhizobium与有机质亦呈显著负相关(P<0.05),Candidatus_Udaeobacter、Scutellospora和Enterocarpus均与速效磷和速效氮呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。羌活次生代谢产物羌活醇与毛壳菌属(Chaetomium)、丝盖伞属(Inocybe)和米拉珊瑚属(Melanophyllum)呈显著负相关(P<0.05),异欧前胡素则与毛壳菌属(Chaetomium)和腐质霉属(Humicola)呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。[结论]该研究结果为科学评估羌活主产区土壤生态系统健康状况和微生物-羌活互作关系提供数据支撑。

[Objective]To scientifically evaluate the health status of the soil ecosystem in the main production areas of N.incisum,and reveal the interaction relationship between soil microorganisms and N.incisum.[Method]Taking the rhizosphere soil of N.incisum as the research object,high-throughput sequencing technology and high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)were used to determine the composition of soil microbial community structure and the content of secondary metabolites of N.incisum.Furthermore,redundancy analysis and correlation analysis methods were used to study the impact of rhizosphere soil microbiota on secondary metabolites of N.incisum.[Result]The results showed that the dominant bacterial at the phylum level were Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes,and the Ascomycota,Basidiomycota and Glomeromycota were identified as the dominant phyla of fungi.At the genus level,the dominant genera of soil bacteria were Vicinamibacter,Terrimonas and nitrospira,which accounted for 0.80%-9.11%,0.66%-7.72%and 1.18%-4.462%,respectively.For fungi,the dominant genera were Mortierella,Tetracladium and Kotlabaca,which accounting for 0.01%-14.19%,0.18%-14.32%and 0.01%-24.96%,respectively.Redundancy analysis showed that the microbial community structure of the rhizosphere soil of N.incisum was mainly affected by soil pH and nutrient content.Colletotrichum and Botryichum showed significant negative correlation with pH(P<0.05),while Bradyrhizobium also showed significant negative correlation with organic matter(P<0.05).Candidatus_Udaeobate,Scutellospora and Enterocarpus were significantly positively correlated with available phosphorus and available nitrogen(P<0.05).The notopterol content were significantly negatively correlated with Chaetomium,Inocybe and Melanophyllum(P<0.05),respectively,while isoimperatorin content was significantly positively correlated with Chaetomium and Humicola(P<0.05),respectively.[Conclusion]The results of this study can provide data support for scientific assessment of soil ecosystem characteristics and microbial-N.incisum interactions in the main N.incisum production area.