多机组核电厂机组间协作行为对组织可靠性的影响分析

Analysis of the Impact of Inter-unit Collaboration on Organizational Reliability in Multi-unit Nuclear Power Plants

“一址多堆”核电厂设计方案为核电的安全运营维护带来了新的挑战,组织人因失误是导致多机组核电厂事故的最常见的致因因素。目前学界针对多机组运行模式下的组织人因失误机理尚未形成统一的理论,相关分析方法也是在单机组背景下开发的,针对多机组核电厂机组间协作行为对组织可靠性的影响机理方面的研究不足。本文以Furuta提出的组织可靠性模型为基础,结合多机组场景下的组织行为特征,建立多机组核电厂组织可靠性数学网络模型;以双机组核电厂为例,模拟分析了机组间协作行为对多机组核电厂组织可靠性的影响。研究表明:机组间协作可以有效提升资源不足情况下的组织可靠性。相较于单机组独立运行,机组间协作对于组织内个别成员能力不足的容忍度更高。

The design scheme of“one site with multiple reactors”brings new challenges to the safe operation and maintenance of nuclear power plants(NPP),and the organizational error is the most common contributing factor to accidents in multi-unit NPP.At present,a unified theory on the mechanism of organizational human error in multi-unit NPP has not been formed,and relevant analysis methods have been developed in the context of single-unit NPP.There is insufficient research on the mechanism of the impact of the interunit collaborative behavior between multi-unit NPP on the organizational behavior reliability.Based on the organizational reliability model proposed by Furuta,combined with the characteristics of organizational behavior under the multi-unit scenario,a mathematical network model for organizational reliability for multiunit NPP is established.Taking the dual unit NPP as an example,the impact of inter-unit collaborative behavior on organizational behavior reliability of multi-unit NPP is analyzed through simulation.It is shown that the inter-unit collaboration can effectively improve organizational reliability in situations of insufficient resources.Compared to independent operation of single unit,inter-unit collaboration has a higher tolerance for insufficient capabilities of individual members within the organization.