某化工园区综合废水处理单元中病毒群落的分布特征

Distribution characteristics of viral communities in comprehensive wastewater treatment unit of a chemical industrial park

为了了解化工园区综合废水处理厂病毒群落的分布特征以及其与宿主(细菌)的关系,研究从某化工园区综合废水处理厂的原水、厌氧池和活性污泥中采集了9个样品,以宏基因组技术结合生物信息学分析了病毒群落在上述3个单元的分布特征。研究结果表明Uroviricota门是污水处理厂中的优势病毒(53.42%),厌氧池中病毒相对丰度相较于进水中下降了29.75%,但是活性污泥中却上升了9.87%;原水、厌氧池和活性污泥中差异病毒的功能和感染对象均不同,表明污水处理厂中的病毒群落分布具有空间异质性;病毒群落的相似性会随着细菌群落丰富度(P=0.001)和多样性的增加而增加,表明宿主(细菌)对病毒结构具有重要影响。

In order to investigate the distribution characteristics of viral communities in the comprehensive wastewater treatment plant of a chemical industrial park,as well as their relationship with the host organisms(bacterium),9 samples were collected from the raw water,anaerobic tank and activated sludge of the said plant.By employing metagenomic techniques and bioinformatic analysis,the distribution characteristics of viral communities in these three units were examined.The research finding indicated that the dominant viral group in the wastewater treatment plant is Uroviricota(53.42%).The relative abundance of viruses in the anaerobic tank decreased by 29.75%compared to the influent water,however,it increased by 9.87%in the activated sludge.The functional profiles and target organisms of different viral groups varied across the raw water,anaerobic tank and activated sludge,suggesting spatial heterogeneity in viral community distribution within the wastewater treatment plant.The similarity of viral communities was found to increase with the richness(P=0.001)and diversity of bacterial communities,indicating the significant influence of the host organisms(bacteria)on viral structure.