组织工程皮肤血管化策略及研究进展

Strategy and research advances of vascularization of tissue engineered skin

组织工程皮肤作为皮肤缺损治疗的替代解决方案,其核心思想是利用支架、种子细胞或者生物活性分子来促进皮肤的修复重建。在过去几十年里,该领域发展迅速,各种改善皮肤再生的策略层出不穷。然而,尽管有诸多组织工程皮肤产品已经被商业化生产并应用于临床,但仍存在诸多问题需要进一步研究解决。其中,组织工程皮肤的血管化是关键挑战之一。目前,已有大量基础研究致力于解决组织工程皮肤的血管化难题,可以分为两大类,即基于各种生长因子、种子细胞或活性纳米颗粒的促血管生成策略,以及基于组织工程皮肤支架的体内、外预血管化策略。本文将从上述两个方面分别概述其促进组织工程皮肤血管化的优缺点,并介绍最新进展。

As an alternative solution for skin defect treatment,the core idea of tissue engineered skin is to use scaffold,cells or bioactive molecules to promote skin repair and reconstruction.Over the past decades,the field has developed tremendously,and various strategies to improve skin regeneration have emerged.However,although many tissue engineered skin products have been produced and approved for clinical use,there are still many problems that need to be further studied.Among these limitations,the vascularization of tissue engineered skin is one of the key challenges.At present,a large number of basic researches have been devoted to solving the problem of vascularization.In general,these solutions can be divided into two catagories:1.Angiogenesis promotion strategies based on various growth factors,cells or active nanoparticles;2.In vitro or in vivo pre-vascularization strategy based on tissue engineered skin scaffolds.In this paper,the advantages and disadvantages of the above two methods were reviewed,and the latest progress in vascularization strategies for skin tissue engineering was introduced.