当代英国诗人达菲疫情诗歌的伦理书写

The Ethical Writing in Duffy's Covid19 Pandemic Poetry

2020年,突如其来的新冠疫情席卷全球,给人类社会带来了极大灾难;它不仅改变了人的生产、生活方式,还引发了多重伦理冲突,让政府与民众均陷入两难的伦理困境。在这种情形下,当代英国前桂冠诗人卡罗尔·安·达菲在曼彻斯特城市大学发起“原地书写”的倡议,号召全球诗人以时间节点为轴线,用诗歌记录下这个考验社会与人性的灾难时刻,书写每个鲜活的历史瞬间并对当下不同的伦理选择进行拷问与反思。她以诗歌为利器,针砭英国政府“群体免疫”策略的不力和伦理选择失范;以诗歌为载体,表达公共强制与民众个体自由权利的伦理冲突与妥协以及医学伦理与个人隐私权的矛盾与调和;她还以诗歌为媒介,再现英国民众面对灾难坚韧不拔的民族特质,书写人心向善的温暖和光辉。诗人在特殊的伦理环境下,通过对政府与民众伦理选择活动的艺术性呈现,反映了他们伦理选择的逻辑起点、价值取向、心路历程以及伦理身份的重构,让读者从中得到道德教诲和启迪,体现了诗人以诗歌进行伦理教化的社会责任感,以及用伦理秩序帮助重构人类权力和权威结构体系的使命担当。

In the year 2020,the sudden spread of Covid19 swept the whole world and brought great disasters to human society.It has not only changed people's production mode and life style,but also caused multiple ethical conflicts,leaving both the government and people in an ethical dilemma.In this context,Carol Ann Duffy launched“Writing where we are Now”initiative at Manchester Metropolitan University,calling on poets around the world to take time as its axis,writing poetry to record this disastrous moment that tests society and humanity,to make quest of and reflect on the different ethical choices made by the government and the citizens.She uses poetry as a tool to criticize the British governments“Herd Immunity”strategy for its ineffective fight against the pandemic and the wrong ethical choice;she embodies the ethical conflict and compromise between the nationwide lock-down and individual liberty,as well as the conflict and reconciliation between medical ethics and individual privacy;she also uses poetry as a medium to rebuild the national character of the British people in the face of disaster,the warmth and light of human goodness.In this special ethical environment,the poet tries to reveal the logical starting point,the value orientation,the psychological process and the reconstruction of the ethical identity of the government and the people through the artistic representation of their ethical choices in order that readers may get moral instruction and enlightenment from it.And all these reflect the poet's sense of social responsibility to moralize people with poetry and her mission to reconstruct the structure of human power and authority with the help of ethical order.