从辛格《骑马下海的人》的改写谈中西悲剧观的差异

On the Difference between Chinese and Western Views of Tragedy from the Rewriting of John Millington Synge's Riders to the Sea

约翰·米林顿·辛格是以民族特色、象征主义闻名的英语剧作家。中外戏剧交流史上的先驱李健吾自叙在辛格《骑马下海的人》的影响下创作了《母亲的梦》。两部作品都使用母亲痛失儿子的悲剧题材,表现同样的主题:人的生存困境。但两部作品在创作动因、悲剧根源、结局处理、悲剧形象、美学意识及艺术风格方面却各具特色。探索这两部戏剧的关联,有助于理解西方经典悲剧与中国现代悲剧的差异及其背后的原因。

John Millington Synge is an English playwright famous for national characteristics and symbolism.Li Jianwu,a pioneer in the history of Chinese and foreign drama exchanges,stated that he wrote Mother's Dream under the influence of Synge's Riders to the Sea.Both plays use the same subject:the tragedy of a mother losing her sons,and express the same theme:the plight of human existence.However,they have their own characteristics in the aspects of motivation,tragedy root,treatment of the ending,tragic image,aesthetic consciousness and artistic style.Exploring the connection between these two plays is helpful for understanding the differences between Western classic tragedies and Chinese modern tragedies and the reasons behind them.