论《残月楼》中跨族群命运共同体的运作机制

The Mechanism of Cross-racial Community in Disappearing Moon Cafe

通过描写华裔男子黄贵昌与印第安女子凯萝拉之间的爱情故事,李群英在《残月楼》中对构建跨族群命运共同体寄寓了想象和期许。白人社会强加于华裔和原住民的同质化“他异性”特征,赋予了他们抵制种族暴力的共同信念和内在聚合力,原住民村落里暂时形成的跨族群命运共同体是他们共同抵制种族暴力、去除殖民性的希望所在。与原住民的地域认同基础不同,华裔以寄居者身份来到加拿大,故而将对自己的身份认知部分地建立在对加拿大的国家认同之上。身份认同基础的差异使华裔和原住民这一跨族群共同体内部的有效链接断裂。黄贵昌错误地将凯萝拉指认为共同体内部的异质他者,即威胁共同体稳定的危险因子。在自免疫机制的运作下,黄贵昌最终将凯萝拉抛弃,这一举动宣告了该跨族群命运共同体的瓦解。黄贵昌对凯萝拉的“他者”指认本质上是族群伦理的失范,此种失范粉碎了共同体赖以维系的平等基石。由此可见,平等互敬的族群伦理是构建跨族群命运共同体的基础。在作品中,李群英通过直面历史上华裔对原住民的亏欠和关注同为“非我族类”的弱势族群,重构了平等、包容的族群伦理;与此同时,她对群族关系展开的多元想象打破了社会中原有的二元框定种族话语,成为少数族裔相互赋权的有效形式,为和谐、持久的跨族群命运共同体运作提供了力量来源。

Sky Lee advances an imagination and expectation of constructing a cross-racial community of common destiny in Disappearing Moon Cafthrough the depiction of the romantic love between Chinese Canadian Wong Gwei Chang and Indigenous girl Kelora.The otherness imposed by the white society endows the Chinese Canadian and Indigenous people with common belief and cohesiveness on the level of resisting racial violence,and the temporary cross-racial community between them functions as the alliance resisting racial violence and decoloniality.Different from the regional identity of Indigenous people,the sojourner Chinese Canadian build their identification partly on the national identity of Canada.The different identification bases break the effective connection in the community.Therefore,Wong Gwei Chang falsely identifies Kelora as the Other from within which threats the stability of the community.Under the operation of auto-immunization,Wong Gwei Chang abandons his lover Kelora,which marks the collapse of this cross-racial community.The identification of the Other with Kelora is essentially the anomie of ethnic ethics,which smashes the equal foundation sustaining the operation of the community.The ethnic ethics full of equality and mutual respect is the necessity for the cross-racial community.The recognition of wrongs committed by Chinese Canadian to Indigenous people and caring the other ethnic minority are Sky Lee's significant methods of reconstructing equal,and inclusive ethnic ethics;developing the multi-imagination of ethnic relationships is an effective approach to breaking the binary racial discourse to empower the ethnic minority,which offers strength for the harmonious and lasting operation of cross-racial community.