一种基于一致性的分布式天基雷达组网空中目标高度估计与定位方法

Consistency-based Air Target Height Estimation and Location in Distributed Space-based Radar Network

单颗天基探测雷达对空中目标跟踪定位时,由于存在俯仰角信息缺失及量测的非线性等问题,目标高度估计误差大。多天基雷达组网为解决该问题提供了一种手段。同时,考虑系统的低计算复杂度、低通信开销、高精度、高可靠性等需求,该文提出了一种基于一致性的分布式天基雷达组网空中目标高度估计与定位方法。首先,给出了空中目标运动模型与天基雷达量测模型;然后,基于概率图模型理论,建立了多天基雷达组网融合多帧量测下目标跟踪定位问题的因子图模型;基于一致性融合,在多个局部目标运动状态之间建立耦合关系;结合粒子滤波与信度传播,建立了非参数信度传播在多天基雷达组网融合跟踪因子图上的消息表示与迭代计算规则;最后通过仿真验证了算法性能。仿真结果表明,与分布式一致扩展卡尔曼滤波算法相比,所提算法目标高度估计精度提升35.3%,有效提升了天基雷达目标定位性能。

When single space-based radar tracks and detects air targets,problems such as missing pitch angle information and nonlinear measurement lead to large target height estimation errors.Multi-space-based radar networking can solve this problem.Moreover,considering the system’s requirements for low computational complexity,low communication overhead,high accuracy,and high reliability,a consistency-based method for height estimation and location of air targets in a distributed space-based radar network is proposed.First,an air target motion model and a space-based radar measurement model are presented.Second,based on©The Author(s)2023.This is an open access article under the CC-BY 4.0 License(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)probabilistic graphical model theory,a factor graph for multi-frame measurement of target tracking and positioning in a space-based radar network is established.The coupling relationship between several local target motion states is established based on consistency fusion.Third,combining particle filtering and belief propagation establishes the message representation and iterative calculation rules of nonparametric belief propagation on the fusion tracking for factor graph of space-based radar networking.Finally,the performance of the algorithm is tested through simulation.The simulation results show that compared with the distributed consensus extended Kalman filter,the proposed algorithm improves the target height estimation accuracy by 35.3%,effectively improving the target localization performance of the space-based radar.